Valorization of apple pomace using bio-based technology for the production of xylitol and 2G ethanol

Xylitol Production by Candida Species from Hydrolysates of Agricultural Residues and Grasses

“…It was noted that the 0.5% nitric acid-treated corncob hydrolysate (121 • C, 30 min) detoxified by activated charcoal and ion exchange resulted in a high xylitol concentration and yield being produced by ATCC 6192 after 48 h at 30 [47]. Xylitol synthesis by C. guilliermondii ATCC 201935 grown on the rapeseed straw hydrolysate was shown to produce a slightly higher xylitol level than that observed compared to the xylitol level produced by the same C. guilliermondii strain grown on the hydrolysate from apple pomace [33,47]. Two studies analyzed rice straw (25% cellulose, 18% hemicellulose and 21.6% lignin) hydrolysates as substrates for xylitol production by C. tropicalis [48,49].…”

“…As can be seen in Table 1, the length of time used by the Candida species at specific temperatures to ferment the agricultural residue and the type of agricultural residue utilized greatly influenced the fermentation parameters xylitol concentration and yield. The yeast C. guilliermondii was shown to synthesize xylitol from the xylose produced from a 10% sulfuric acid hydrolysate of apple pomace containing about 33% cellulose and 24% hemicellulose [33]. Detoxified, 2.5% sulfuric acid hydrolysates (121 • C, 30 min) of banana (29.4% cellulose, 32.6% hemicellulose and 15.4% lignin) and water hyacinth (24.9% cellulose, 45.1% hemicellulose and 5.1% lignin) leaves supported xylitol production by C. tropicalis cells with the cells synthesizing higher xylitol concentrations on banana leaves than water hyacinth [34].…”

Sustainable valorization of apple waste in a biorefinery: a bibliometric analysis

“…Otherwise, the adoption of fermentation processes can be used to produce organic acids (acetic and citric acid) and enzymes (xylanase and cellulase). Finally, the apple pomace can be considered an organic biofertilizer after its bioconversion by composting, with the prospect of increasing microorganism activity in soils 67–81 …”

“…Finally, the apple pomace can be considered an organic biofertilizer after its bioconversion by composting, with the prospect of increasing microorganism activity in soils. [67][68][69][70][71][72][73][74][75][76][77][78][79][80][81] Apple pomace presents a versatile composition with potential components for biotechnological valorization, which include the high content of polysaccharides (i.e. cellulose, hemicellulose and starch) and the presence of sugars, citric acid, malic acid, vitamins and minerals that can reduce costs in fermentation processes, acting as nutrient supplements.…”

Aprimoramento da obtenção do hidrolisado hemicelulósico a partir da mistura do bagaço e palha de cana-de-açúcar visando a produção de xilitol

“…Marton et al (2006) avaliaram a atividade de carvão ativado e condições de adsorção para o tratamento de hidrolisado de bagaço de cana para a produção de xilitol e observaram que para condições empregando carvão ativado em pó 1% (m/v) por 30 min a 60ºC, 100 rpm e pH 2,5, conseguiram remover 76% de compostos fenólicos, 44% de ácido acético, 60% de 5-HMF e 58% de furfural, tendo uma produtividade volumétrica de xilitol em 0,50 g/L/h e rendimento de xilose em xilitol em 0,66 g/g. Este é um dos métodos mais empregados nas pesquisas para a produção de xilitol em diferentes hidrolisados, como hidrolisado de palha de arroz , palha de trigo (Canilha et al, 2008), palha de cana (Hernández-Peréz et al, 2016); bagaço de cevada (Carvalheiro et al, 2005), eucalipto (Villarreal et al, 2006), tronco de sagu (Kamal et al, 2011), bagaço de cana (Arruda, 2011), bagaço de maçã (Leonel et al, 2020).…”