Valorization of chicken feather waste into bioactive keratin hydrolysate by a newly purified keratinase from Bacillus sp. RCM-SSR-102

Kshetri, Pintubala; Roy, Suvra; Chanu, Shamjetshabam Babeeta; Singh, Taranjeet; Tamreihao, K.; Sharma, Susheel Kumar; Ansari, Mukhtar; Prakash, Narendra

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.111195

Cited by 45 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Keratinases have shown potential to stiffen dead skin layer (hyperkeratosis) significantly present at appendages; hence, it could replace the conventionally used salicylic acid in a sustainable manner (Gupta and Ramnani, 2006). Different protein sources have been used in the production of hydrolyzates viz: wheat protein, wool keratin, and collagen, which have found applications in the production of hair and skincare products (Kshetri et al, 2020). Generally, they give an enhanced feel, moisture, and preserve the natural integrity of the skin (Barba et al, 2008;Villa et al, 2013).…”

Section: Organic Fertilizer and Cosmetic Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

et al. 2020

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The search for novel renewable products over synthetics hallmarked this decade and those of the recent past. Most economies that are prospecting on biodiversity for improved bio-economy favor renewable resources over synthetics for the potential opportunity they hold. However, this field is still nascent as the bulk of the available resources are non-renewable based. Microbial metabolites, emphasis on secondary metabolites, are viable alternatives; nonetheless, vast microbial resources remain under-exploited; thus, the need for a continuum in the search for new products or bio-modifying existing products for novel functions through an efficient approach. Environmental distress syndrome has been identified as a factor that influences the emergence of genetic diversity in prokaryotes. Still, the process of how the change comes about is poorly understood. The emergence of new traits may present a high prospect for the industrially viable organism. Microbial enzymes have prominence in the bio-economic space, and proteases account for about sixty percent of all enzyme market. Microbial keratinases are versatile proteases which are continuously gaining momentum in biotechnology owing to their effective bio-conversion of recalcitrant keratin-rich wastes and sustainable implementation of cleaner production. Keratinase-assisted biodegradation of keratinous materials has revitalized the prospects for the utilization of cost-effective agro-industrial wastes, as readily available substrates, for the production of high-value products including amino acids and bioactive peptides. This review presented an overview of keratin structural complexity, the potential mechanism of keratin biodegradation, and the environmental impact of keratinous wastes. Equally, it discussed microbial keratinase; vis-à-vis sources, production, and functional properties with considerable emphasis on the ecological implication of microbial producers and catalytic tendency improvement strategies. Keratinase applications and prospective high-end use, including animal hide processing, detergent formulation, cosmetics, livestock feed, and organic fertilizer production, were also articulated.

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Section: Organic Fertilizer and Cosmetic Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

et al. 2020

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“…Biological activities of feather hydrolysates have also been described. Kshetri et al (2020) reported antioxidant and antityrosinase activities in hydrolysates produced using a keratinase from a Bacillus sp. strain.…”

Section: Other Potential Applications Of Keratinases and Keratin Hydr...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Industrial sustainability of microbial keratinases: production and potential applications

Menezes

Santos

et al. 2021

World J Microbiol Biotechnol

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Keratinases are proteolytic enzymes with a particular ability to cleave peptide bonds in keratin, and in other proteins. Due to their broad-spectrum of activity, keratinases are considered viable substitutes for chemical and thermal treatments of proteinrich industrial by-products. Among these protein residues, special attention has been given to keratinous materials (feathers, hair, horns, etc.), which disposal through harsh conditions methods, such as acid/alkaline hydrolysis or incineration, is not considered ecologically safe. Microbial keratinolytic enzymes allow for keratin degradation under mild conditions, resulting in keratin hydrolysates containing undamaged amino acids and peptides. In this review article, we offer perspectives on the relevance of these unique biocatalysts and their revolutionary ascent in industries that generate keratin-rich wastes. Additionally, we share insights for applications of keratinases and protein hydrolysates in agriculture, animal feed, cosmetics, phamaceuticals, detergent additives, leather processing, and others. Due to the scientific importance of keratinases and their potential use in green technologies, searching for bacterial and fungal species that efficiently produce these enzymes may contribute to the sustainability of industries.

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“…It is also suggested that proteolytic enzymes might be involved in a catalytic synergy with disulfide reductases (oxidoreductases) acting as another group of disulfide-bond-reducing agents and a facilitators of keratin biodegradation [ 42 , 62 , 77 ]. Nevertheless, many keratinases from the Bacillus genus have been described as the sole catalysts of keratin degradation [ 19 , 97 ]. Therefore it is not ruled out that various microorganisms developed different mechanisms of keratin degradation, using self-produced reducing agents, membrane-associated, extracellular keratinolytic enzymes or their combinations, with intracellular proteases further degrading proteins and peptides after they are transported into cells [ 42 , 77 ].…”

Section: Microbial and Enzymatic Biodegradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In many studies, when dealing with keratinous waste management, keratin substrate is transformed into protein-, peptide- and amino acid-rich hydrolysate as the main product of enzymatic or full-cell hydrolysis [ 34 , 37 , 97 , 133 , 134 , 135 ]. As keratin waste streams are constantly growing, keratinases and keratin-degrading microbes, can be utilized not only as waste decontamination agent, but also as novel tools for more sustainably obtained products with added value, ranging from animal feed, biomaterials and highly efficient dehairing agents to pharmaceuticals and bioactive peptides of therapeutic importance (see Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Applicationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Keratinases as Versatile Enzymatic Tools for Sustainable Development

2021

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To reduce anthropological pressure on the environment, the implementation of novel technologies in present and future economies is needed for sustainable development. The food industry, with dairy and meat production in particular, has a significant environmental impact. Global poultry production is one of the fastest-growing meat producing sectors and is connected with the generation of burdensome streams of manure, offal and feather waste. In 2020, the EU alone produced around 3.2 million tonnes of poultry feather waste composed primarily of keratin, a protein biopolymer resistant to conventional proteolytic enzymes. If not managed properly, keratin waste can significantly affect ecosystems, contributing to environmental pollution, and pose a serious hazard to human and livestock health. In this article, the application of keratinolytic enzymes and microorganisms for promising novel keratin waste management methods with generation of new value-added products, such as bioactive peptides, vitamins, prion decontamination agents and biomaterials were reviewed.

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Valorization of chicken feather waste into bioactive keratin hydrolysate by a newly purified keratinase from Bacillus sp. RCM-SSR-102

Cited by 45 publications

References 18 publications

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

Microbial Keratinase: Next Generation Green Catalyst and Prospective Applications

Industrial sustainability of microbial keratinases: production and potential applications

Keratinases as Versatile Enzymatic Tools for Sustainable Development

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