Valorization of the poultry litter through wet torrefaction and different activation treatments

Arauzo, Pablo J.; Maziarka, Przemyslaw; Olszewski, Maciej P.; Isemin, Rafail; Muratova, N. S.; Ronsse, Frederik; Kruse, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139288

Cited by 30 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…For micropores, this range was from 0.35 nm to 2 nm and for mesopores from 2 nm to 50 nm, accordingly to IUPAC's guidelines [37]. This procedure has already been applied in another study related to activated carbons from bio-based precursors, and it gave accurate and reliable results [48].…”

Section: Micropores and Mesopores Assessment Form Merged Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The mineral matter and its composition is also an adjustable feedstock property, and it affects the development of the pore structures of the pyrochars as well. A high concentration of mineral matter in the biomass feedstock can lead to the closing of pores through softening of mineral matter during the high-temperature conversion [48]. Additionally, the alkali and alkaline earth metals (AAEMs) within the feedstock can lead to a reduction in the SSA by a catalytic effect on devolatilisation [49,50].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Tailoring of the pore structures of wood pyrolysis chars for potential use in energy storage applications

et al. 2021

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Char obtained from biomass pyrolysis is an eco-friendly porous carbon, which has potential use as a material for electrodes in supercapacitors. For that application, a high microporous specific surface area (SSA) is desired, as it relates to the accessible surface for an applied electrolyte. Currently, the incomplete understanding of the relation between porosity development and production parameters hinders the production of tailor-made, bio-based pyrochars for use as electrodes. Additionally, there is a problem with the low reliability in assessing textual properties for bio-based pyrochars by gas adsorption. To address the aforementioned problems, beech wood cylinders of two different lengths, with and without pre-treatment with citric acid were pyrolysed at temperatures of 300-900°C and analysed by gas adsorption. The pyrolyzed chars were characterised with adsorption with N 2 and CO 2 to assess the influence of production parameters on the textual properties. The new approach in processing the gas adsorption data used in this study demonstrated the required consistency in assessing the micro-and mesoporosity. The SSA of the chars rose monotonically in the investigated range of pyrolysis temperatures. The pre-treatment with citric acid led to an enhanced SSA, and the length of the cylinders correlated with a reduced SSA. With pyrolysis at 900°C, the micro-SSAs of samples with 10 mm increased by on average 717 ± 32 m 2 /g. The trends among the investigated parameters and the textual properties were rationalized and provide a sound basis for further studies of tailor-made bio-based pyrochars as electrode materials in supercapacitors.

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Section: Micropores and Mesopores Assessment Form Merged Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tailoring of the pore structures of wood pyrolysis chars for potential use in energy storage applications

et al. 2021

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“…The importance of the SSA stems from the fact that it determines the number of potential interaction sites with the surrounding matrix. At the same time, the pore size distribution allows conclusions about their physical accessibility, with both carrying significant implications for the final performance of the material [23][24][25]. Emerging applications for biochar such as gas and water filtration often require large surface areas and pore volumes within specific pore size ranges to be efficient.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do you BET on routine? The reliability of N2 physisorption for the quantitative assessment of biochar’s surface area

Maziarka

Wurzer

Arauzo

et al. 2021

Chemical Engineering Journal

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“…In a previous study [19], we have shown that hydrochar obtained from a mixture of PL and SD before and after ac7tivation by pyrolysis, contains large amount of nutrients that make activated biochar a valuable fertilizer: potassium 30.7-57.7 mg/g, magnesium 9.7-19.2 mg/g, phosphorus 20.3-39.7 mg/g. Furthermore, in addition to nutrient supply as a biofertilizer, hydrochar may have additional benefits as a soil improver, due to its porosity and nutrient sorption properties, increasing water and nutrient retention [24,26].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These previous studies have shown that the duration of the WT process in a fluidized bed can be reduced to 15-20 min, versus 4-12 h when carrying out WT by means of stateof-the art technologies. The advantage of WT is the possibility of obtaining hydrochar, the characteristics of which are comparable to the hydrochar obtained by conventional HTC, while applying mild processing conditions, in particular lower overpressure [19,20]. Superheated steam can be used as a medium for drying biofuels and wood [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characteristics of Hydrochar and Liquid Products Obtained by Hydrothermal Carbonization and Wet Torrefaction of Poultry Litter in Mixture with Wood Sawdust

et al. 2021

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Poultry farms with floor-standing poultry generate large amounts of poultry litter waste. The direct application of this waste as an organic fertilizer does not ensure sustainable and cost-efficient utilization of all waste fractions, and can also be linked to environmental hazards. Therefore, the development of new technologies is required for processing poultry litter into a safe product with higher added value. In this work, the characteristics of activated carbon derived from hydrochar, along with the liquid products obtained from hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) and the wet torrefaction (WT) of poultry litter, were investigated. Poultry litter (PL) was applied in a mixture with sawdust (SD) in the following ratios: 1:0 (PL/SD 1:0), 1:1 (PL/SD 1:1), 1:2 (PL/SD 1:2), and 2:1 (PL/SD 2:1). WT processing took place in an innovative fluidized bed system in a superheated steam medium with low overpressure (less than 0.07 MPa) at 300 °C and 350 °C for 30–45 min. Conventional HTC processing was performed in a water medium at 220 °C for 1–4 h. The hydrochar produced in the experiments was activated with steam for 1 h at 450–750 °C. The porosity characteristics of activated hydrochar were measured, including pore size, pore volume, and specific surface area, in view of potential industrial applications as an adsorbent. Additionally, the contents of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), as high-value product, were determined in the liquid products obtained from HTC processing, as well as in the condensate obtained after WT processing. Specific surface areas of the activated hydrochars may still be too low for application as adsorbent material. Hence, its use as a biofertilizer and soil improver should be preferred. Interestingly, the liquid fraction obtained from the innovative WT process displayed a significantly higher 5-HMF content compared to the conventional HTC process.

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Valorization of the poultry litter through wet torrefaction and different activation treatments

Cited by 30 publications

References 72 publications

Tailoring of the pore structures of wood pyrolysis chars for potential use in energy storage applications

Tailoring of the pore structures of wood pyrolysis chars for potential use in energy storage applications

Do you BET on routine? The reliability of N2 physisorption for the quantitative assessment of biochar’s surface area

Characteristics of Hydrochar and Liquid Products Obtained by Hydrothermal Carbonization and Wet Torrefaction of Poultry Litter in Mixture with Wood Sawdust

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