Valuable Recovery Technology and Resource Utilization of Chromium-Containing Metallurgical Dust and Slag: A Review

Abstract

As a type of metallurgical solid waste with a significant output, chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag are gaining increasing attention. They mainly include stainless steel dust, stainless steel slag, ferrochrome dust, and ferrochrome slag, which contain significant amounts of valuable elements, such as chromium, iron, and zinc, as well as large amounts of toxic substances, such as hexavalent chromium. Achieving the harmless and resourceful comprehensive utilization of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag is of great significance to ensuring environmental safety and the sustainable development of resources. This paper outlines the physicochemical properties of stainless steel dust, stainless steel slag, ferrochrome dust, and ferrochrome slag. The current treatment technologies of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag by hydrometallurgy, the pyrometallurgical process, and the stabilization/solidification process are introduced. Moreover, the comprehensive utilization of resources of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag in the preparation processes of construction materials, glass ceramics, and refractories is elaborated. The aim of this paper is to provide guidance for exploring effective technology to solve the problem of chromium-containing metallurgical dust and slag.

Production of complex Fe-Si-Mn-Cr ferroalloy using high-ash coal: a sustainable metallurgical approach

“…The slag composition is as follows, %: 43.62 SiO , typical for this composition, are not formed in the slag due to the relatively low smelting temperature of the alloy and the cooling rate [7]. The amorphous background observed is clearly indicative of an SiO2-based phase [28].…”

“…Various approaches to charge composition include using: (1) separate ferroalloys for each component; (2) MnO-enriched slag, limestone, chromite ore, and FeSiCr ferroalloy; (3) individual compounds of each element [5,6]. Traditionally, carbon, typically sourced from coke in the industry, is used as the reductant [7][8][9][10].…”