Valuation of EuroQol Five-Dimensional Questionnaire, Youth Version (EQ-5D-Y) and EuroQol Five-Dimensional Questionnaire, Three-Level Version (EQ-5D-3L) Health States: The Impact of Wording and Perspective

Abstract

Background: Valuations of health states were affected by the wording of the two instruments (EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y) and by the perspective taken (child or adult). Objectives: There is a growing demand for value sets for the EQ-5D-Y (EQ-5D instrument for younger populations). Given the similarities between EQ-5D-Y and EQ-5D-3L, we investigated whether valuations of health states were affected by the differences in wording between the two instruments and by the perspective taken in the valuation exercise (child or adult). Study Design: Respondents were randomly assigned to EQ-5D-3L or EQ-5D-Y (instrument) and further into two groups that either valued health states for an adult or for a 10-year-old child (perspective). The valuation tasks were composite time trade-off (C-TTO) and discrete choice experiments (DCE), including comparisons with death (DCE þ death). Members of the adult general population in four countries (Germany, Netherlands, Spain, England) participated in computer-assisted personal interviews. Methods: Two-way multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and post hoc tests were used to compare C-TTO responses and chisquare tests were conducted to compare DCE þ death valuations. Results: A significant interaction effect between instrument and perspective for C-TTO responses was found. Significant differences by perspective (adult and child) occurred only for the EQ-5D-3L. Significant differences in values between instruments (EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-Y) occurred only for the adult perspective. Both significant results were confirmed by the DCE þ death results. When comparing EQ-5D-3L for adult perspective and EQ-5D-Y for child perspective, values were also significantly different. Conclusions: The results identified an interaction effect between wording of the instrument and perspective on elicited values, suggesting that current EQ-5D-3L value sets should not be employed to assign values to EQ-5D-Y health states.

Comparison of the CHU-9D and the EQ-5D-Y instruments in children and young people with cerebral palsy: a cross-sectional study

“…It has previously been demonstrated that values for health states ascribed by adults differ to corresponding health states ascribed by children. 32 33 However, we used adult weights in the absence of value sets for the EQ-5D-Y. The findings of this study are limited by a small sample.…”

Measuring health-related quality of life in elementary and secondary school students using the Chinese version of the EQ-5D-Y in rural China

“…There have been growing interests in the assessment of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in children and adolescents in recent years. HRQOL instruments designed for adults may not be suitable for younger respondents as they are in a series of cognitive developmental stages and have different perspectives towards the relative importance of HRQOL dimensions [1,2]. As a result, a number of instruments considering specific features of children and adolescents have been developed to evaluate generic or disease-specific HRQOL in these age groups [3][4][5][6][7][8][9].…”

Economic Evaluations of Childhood Hearing Loss Screening Programmes: A Systematic Review and Critique

“…Therefore, the utility measures developed for adult populations may not be representative of children's utility measures as they may not include dimensions that children consider an important aspect of HRQoL [68]. Examples of utility instruments measuring HRQoL from children include Child Health Utility-9D (CHU9D) [69][70][71] and EQ-5D-Y [72,73]. We recommend that future works adopt QALYs or DALYs as the measure of benefit instead of those intermediate outcomes such as 'detected true positive cases' and consider utilities measured by instruments designed for children.…”