Valuation of Goat and Sheep By-Products: Challenges and Opportunities for Their Use

Cordeiro, Ana Rita Ribeiro de Araújo; Bezerra, Taliana Kênia Alencar; Madruga, Marta Suely

doi:10.3390/ani12233277

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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Sheep are important livestock raised in many parts of the world for meat, milk, and fleece (Li et al, 2021). Sheep meat production has increased over the last 60 years, reaching 9.78 million tons, 2.93% of all red meat production (Cordeiro et al, 2022). Sheep are exposed to pain and inflammatory conditions such as castration, foot rot, lameness, musculoskeletal pain, enteritis, and respiratory infections at every stage of their lives from birth (Corum et al, 2018).

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related changes in the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after intravenous administration in sheep

Coskun,

Corum,

Durna Corum

et al. 2023

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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The pharmacokinetics of meloxicam was studied in 1‐, 6‐, and 12‐month‐old sheep following a single intravenous (i.v.) dose of 1 mg/kg. The experiments were carried out when the Romanov sheep were 1 month old (7.93 ± 0.91 kg), 6 months old (27.47 ± 4.91 kg), and 12 months old (37.10 ± 3.64 kg). Meloxicam concentration in plasma was determined by high‐performance liquid chromatography and the data collected were evaluated by non‐compartmental kinetic analysis. Meloxicam was detected in the plasma up to 72 h following i.v. administration in all age groups. The volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) and total body clearance (ClT) were significantly higher in 1‐month‐old (304.87 mL/kg and 16.57 mL/h/kg) than in 12‐month‐old (193.43 mL/kg and 10.50 mL/h/kg) sheep. The area under the concentration–time curve from 0 to 72 h value of meloxicam was lower in 1‐month‐old (58.51 h*μg/mL) compared to 12‐month‐old (92.59 h*μg/mL) sheep. There was no difference in t1/2ʎz value in different age groups. The body extraction ratio values for meloxicam ranged from 0.0186 to 0.0719 after i.v. administration in all age groups. Meloxicam showed an increase in plasma concentration and a decrease in Vdss and ClT in 12‐month‐old compared to 1‐month‐old sheep. Compared to 1‐month‐old and 12‐month‐old sheep, there was no difference in these parameters in 6‐month‐old sheep. Because the age of sheep has an influence on the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam, dosage apparently may need to be adjusted for age.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Age‐related changes in the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after intravenous administration in sheep

Coskun,

Corum,

Durna Corum

et al. 2023

Vet Pharm & Therapeutics

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“…Beyond their cost-effectiveness, these ruminants are gaining popularity for providing milk, meat, wool, hide, and fiber. Milk and meat from sheep and goats are highly nutritious and easily digestible (Cordeiro et al, 2022), essential for individuals with certain digestive sensitivities or allergies. Furthermore, the United States of America (USA) is experiencing a growing demand for goat and sheep meat, driven in part by the settlement of diverse ethnic populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiogram profiles of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in goat and sheep feces on smallholder farm

Basnet,

Kilonzo-Nthenge

2024

Front. Antibiot.

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IntroductionThe increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in zoonotic pathogens poses a substantial threat to both animal production and human health. Although large-scale animal farms are acknowledged as major reservoirs for AMR, there is a notable knowledge gap concerning AMR in small-scale farms. This study seeks to address this gap by collecting and analyzing 137 fecal samples from goat and sheep farms in Tennessee and Georgia.MethodBacteria were identified using culture-dependent methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) was performed using the Kirby-Bauer Disk Diffusion method.Results and discussionThe prevalence of E. coli (94.9%) in goats and sheep significantly exceeded (p < 0.05) that of S. aureus (81.0%), Shigella (35.0%), S. saprophyticus, and Salmonella (3.0%). Salmonella occurrence in goat feces (2.2%) was higher than in sheep (0.8%). Notably, 27% of goats and 8% of sheep tested positive for Shigella spp., while 60% of goats and 21% of sheep tested positive for S. aureus. Antibiotic resistance was observed primarily against ampicillin (79.4%), vancomycin (65.1%), and gentamycin (63.6%), significantly surpassing (p < 0.05) resistance to tetracycline (41.6%) and imipenem (21.8%). The penicillin (79.4%), glycopeptide (65.1%), and aminoglycoside (63.6%) antibiotic classes displayed significantly higher (p < 0.05) resistance compared to tetracyclines (45.7%) and carbapenem (21.8%). Our findings suggest that goats and sheep feces may serve as source for multidrug-resistant bacteria, raising concerns about the potential introduction of their fecal matter into soil, water, and eventually to the food chain. This highlights the need for proactive measures to address and mitigate AMR in goats and sheep within small-scale farms.

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“…Small ruminants contribute to landless, rural farming, peri-urban, and increasingly urban households (Baah et al 2012) by providing food, income, sociocultural wealth, and clothing (Pollott and Wilson 2009). Sheep provide high quality, balanced, and highly bioavailable protein (Cordeiro et al 2022) and numerous critical micronutrients, which help achieve a nutritionally balanced diet (Reynolds et al 2015;Leroy et al 2022). However, sheep harbour a variety of gastrointestinal (GIT) parasites.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf against strongyle and coccidia infections in sheep

Bagulo,

Ibn Iddriss,

Abubakari

et al. 2023

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Gastro intestinal parasites are developing resistance to various commercial anthelminthics. Hence, the need to explore the efficacies of herbal plants against gastro-intestinal parasites. The study was therefore conducted to determine the efficacy of aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf against strongyles and coccidia spp. in sheep.A total of 60 sheep were used for the study. The animals were randomly assigned to one of the four groups. Those in group A, B, C and D were given albendazole (ABZ), 10% aqueous V. amygdalina extract (BL10), 20% aqueous V. amygdalina extract (BL20) and 10ml distilled water (Dw) respectively. All four treatments were given orally, depending on the body weight of the animals, with the exception of the distilled water which was constant (10ml) for each animal. Fecal samples were collected from each sheep and examined using McMaster technique. The data were analyzed using R version 4.2. The study brought to light that the prevalence of strongyles in sheep was 70% in the study area at pre-treatment. BL10 had efficacies of 52.58% and 65.08% against strongyles and coccidia spp. respectively. BL20 produced similar anthelmintic effect against strongyles as albendazole. Strongyle spp. showed resistance against albendazole in the study area.

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Valuation of Goat and Sheep By-Products: Challenges and Opportunities for Their Use

Cited by 10 publications

References 76 publications

Age‐related changes in the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after intravenous administration in sheep

Age‐related changes in the pharmacokinetics of meloxicam after intravenous administration in sheep

Antibiogram profiles of pathogenic and commensal bacteria in goat and sheep feces on smallholder farm

Efficacy of aqueous extract of Vernonia amygdalina leaf against strongyle and coccidia infections in sheep

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