Value-added functional carbon for potential electrodes and its validation

Sinha, Prerna; M, Anand Kumar; Nigam, Ravi; Yokoi, Hiroyuki; Kar, Kamal K.

doi:10.1016/j.est.2022.106116

Cited by 4 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…The presence of an aqueous electrolyte-like potassium hydroxide or sodium chloride salt solution in experimental work gives rise to higher capacitance than organic electrolyte due to the lower resistance. The specific EDLC in all the fundamental morphologies SC, FCC, BCC, and mixed morphologies is similar and will converge more considering the slight decrease in the electric field-dependent average electrolyte permittivity . In the case of increasing the diameter of electrode particles, the interfacial electric field decreases due to the inverse relationship with the particle size at a constant potential.…”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…(a,c,e) Variations of diffuse layer specific capacitance and (b,d,f) corresponding variations of average electrolyte permittivity with respect to the electrode thickness in all the mixed, SC, BCC, and FCC morphologies. , The specific capacitance in all the mixed morphologies has been validated with experimental data. ,− …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The capacitance is determined from the area under the current–voltage (CV) curve. The graph clearly shows that the capacitance decreases with the increasing scan rates. , …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…6 Wang et al have also simulated the specific capacitance in a similar range of 11.8 μF cm −2 . 16 Figure 6a shows that the experimental specific capacitance values of random morphologies of activated carbon-based electrodes with source materials, in two electrode systems reported, are 23.3 μF cm −2 (human hair), 89 21.33 μF cm −2 (human hair), 90 6.81 μF cm −2 (HSAC-300−5), 91 9.15 μF cm −2 (HSAC-600−5), 91 10.67 μF cm −2 (furfurol), 92 and 7.52 μF cm −2 (cellulose). 92 The presence of an aqueous electrolyte-like potassium hydroxide or sodium chloride salt solution in experimental work gives rise to higher capacitance than organic electrolyte due to the lower resistance.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Mixed Morphology (Simple Cubic, Face-Centered Cubic, and Body-Centered Cubic)-Based Electrodes on the Electric Double Layer Capacitance of Supercapacitors

Nigam,

Kar

2024

Langmuir

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Supercapacitors store energy due to the formation of an electric double layer (EDL) at the interface of the electrodes and electrolyte. The present article deals with the finite element study of equilibrium electric double layer capacitance (EDLC) in the mixed morphology electrodes comprising all three fundamental crystal structures, simple cubic (SC), body-centered cubic (BCC), and face-centered cubic morphologies (FCC). Mesoporous-activated carbon forms the electrode in the supercapacitor with (C 2 H 5 ) 4 NBF 4 /propylene carbonate organic electrolyte. Electrochemical interference is clearly demonstrated in the supercapacitors with the formation of the potential bands, as in the case of interference theory due to the increasing packing factor. The effects of electrode thickness varying from a wide range of 50 nm to 0.04 mm on specific EDLC have been discussed in detail. The interfacial geometry of the unit cell in contact with the electrolyte is the most important parameter determining the properties of the EDL. The critical thickness of the electrodes is 1.71 μm in all the morphologies. Polarization increases the interfacial potential and leads to EDL formation. The Stern layer specific capacitance is 167.6 μF cm −2 in all the morphologies. The maximum capacitance is in the decreasing order of interfacial geometry, as FCC > BCC > SC, dependent on the packing factor. The minimum transmittance in all the morphologies is 98.35%, with the constant figure of merit at higher electrode thickness having applications in the chip interconnects. The transient analysis shows that the interfacial current decreases with increasing polarization in the EDL. The capacitance also decreases with the increase of the scan rate.

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Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…The capacitance is determined from the area under the current–voltage (CV) curve. The graph clearly shows that the capacitance decreases with the increasing scan rates. , …”

Section: Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Effect of Mixed Morphology (Simple Cubic, Face-Centered Cubic, and Body-Centered Cubic)-Based Electrodes on the Electric Double Layer Capacitance of Supercapacitors

Nigam,

Kar

2024

Langmuir

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“…The simulations of Wang et al have also estimated the specific capacitance around 11.8 μF cm −2 [14]. The simulations show that the three morphologies have similar specific capacitance values, and convergence will slightly increase based on the decreasing field-dependent average electrolyte permittivity [45]. The results are similar when the electrolyte length is increased to 125 nm in BCC.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 83%

Effect of simple cubic, face-centered cubic, and body-centered cubic-electrodes on the electric double layer capacitance of supercapacitors

Nigam,

Kar

2023

Nanotechnology

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The continuum theory has been used to analyze the polarization, ion crowding, and electrostatic forces of the electric double layer in the electrode materials having simple cubic (SC), body-centered cubic (BCC), and face-centered cubic (FCC) morphologies. The study manifests the effect of thickness of electrodes, electrode's particle size, and porosity on electric double-layer specific capacitance (EDLC). Electrochemical interference and the specific capacitance depend on the packing factor. The larger particle size decreases the specific capacitance, but porosity increases due to more surface area. Due to symmetry, SC, BCC, and FCC morphologies have 1, 3, and 5 spheres in a unit cell. The number of unit cells is varied from 1 to 100 in model 1 to analyze the effect of electrode thickness. Model 2 has three unit cells to understand the effect of porosity, and only pore lengths are varied. The critical thickness of the electrodes is the integer multiples of 1.71 µm in all the morphologies. The Stern layer-specific capacitance is 167.6 µF cm-2 in all cases. The EDLC in BCC is around 5.6-7.6 µF cm-2 in the steady state that is intermediate between SC and FCC morphologies. The more dense packing of carbon particles in a unit cell increases the energy storage capabilities of electrodes. The average electrode permittivity slightly decreases due to the combined effect of the high electric field, status of polarization, and electrode particle size. The least optical transmission of electrodes is 98.35%.

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