Value added usage of granular steel slag and milled glass in concrete production

Abstract

Industrial development has generated enormous conveniences for humans at the cost of environmental pollution. Cement production is a major cause of carbon dioxide emission in the construction industry, and utilization of a large number of aggregates in concrete is causing scarcity of natural resources and irreversible depletion. The practice of utilizing industrial wastes in the production of concrete can be a useful solution. In this research, green concrete of enhanced properties is produced by incorporation of milled glass as partial replacement of cement, and fine aggregates are replaced by granular steel slag with different dosages. Ten types of concrete mixes substituting 10%, 20%, and 30% of cement by glass powder (GP) and 40%, 60%, and 80% of sand by granular steel slag (SS) were assessed in terms of rheological, mechanical, and microstructural properties. Results indicated that concrete having 80% granular steel slag and 20% glass powder shows a maximum increase of 42%, 16%, 16%, and 14% in splitting tensile strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, and compressive strength, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy depicts the formation of secondary calcium silicate hydrate (CSH) and improved packing density in concrete mixes having granular steel slag and glass powder. Thus, granular steel slag and glass powder can effectively be used as cement and sand replacement in the production of value-added green economical concrete, reducing environmental pollution.

Laboratory Preparation and Performance Characterization of Steel Slag Ultrafine Powder Used in Cement-Based Materials

“…As a developing country, China is the world's largest cement producer and consumer. However, there are problems such as large consumption of primary resources and large emissions of waste gas and dust in the production of cement [1], which is not conducive to the development of dual carbon strategic objectives. Consequently, supplementary cementitious materials such as fly ash, silica fume, and slag are popular for replacing the part of cement [2][3][4][5][6][7] because the mineralogical phases of these industrial solid wastes are dicalcium silicate (C 2 S), tricalcium silicate (C 3 S), tricalcium aluminate (C 3 A), and tetra calcium aluminoferrite (C 4 AF), which are similar to those of cement [8,9].…”

High-Volume Upcycling of Waste Sediment and Enhancement Mechanisms in Blended Grouting Material

“…e partial replacement of OPC by steel slag thickens the slurry and decreases the consistency value [39,40].…”

Utilization of Steel Slag Waste as a Substitute for Coarse Aggregate in Concrete Mixture

“…A high slump value results in too much water content, causing the compressive strength of the concrete to decrease. The water needed for the hydration process is only about 0.25-0.30 of the weight of the cement, while the rest is needed as a lubricant so that the concrete mix is easy to work with [16].However, if the amount of water used for lubrication is excessive when the concrete hardens, it will result in porous concrete with low strength.Slag in the concrete mix causes pore reduction; 60% slag replacement in the concrete mix was found to be the optimum level [17].…”