Value Addition of Feed and Fodder by Alleviating the Antinutritional Effects of Tannins

Abstract

Tannins are one of the important plant secondary metabolites having wide prevalence in the plant kingdom. They are a prominent constituent of various types of feed, fodder and agro-industrial wastes. The intake of tannins at a low level has recently been found to have some positive effects in ruminants. However, the use of tannin-rich biomass as animal feed, having high content of tannins, is limited by the antinutritional effects of tannins at this level in an animal system. A number of physical, chemical, biological and miscellaneous approaches have been developed for inactivation or removal of tannins for enhancement of the feeding value of tannin-rich biomass. However, none of the individual method is successful in total inactivation or removal of tannins without loss of nutritive value, and this limits the utilization of a vast amount of plant resource. A cohesive and an integrated detanninification strategy is required for alleviating the antinutritional effects of tannins in animals and upgrading the feeding value of tanniniferous biomass.

Effect of white kabesak (Acacia leucophloea Roxb) leaves level in the diet on feed intake and body weight gain of Kacang goat

“…White kabesak leaves contain tannin, the anti nutritive factors that may affect the use of feed. Sharifi et al (2013) reported that the presence of tannins has been associated with lower nutritive value and lower biological availability of macromolecules like proteins and carbohydrates, but Bhat et al (2013) reported that mixing legumes with grass hay-based diets has been hypothesized as an efficient way of diluting the negative effects of undesirable secondary compounds, such as tannins. However, so far there was no yet scientific data and report about the utilization of white kabesak leaves and its effect on goats performance.…”

Blood profiles of indigenous Pedi goats fed varying levels of <i>Vachellia karroo</i> leaf meal in <i>Setaria verticillata</i> hay-based diet

“…According to Min et al (2003), CTs are the most common type of tannin in forage legumes, trees and shrubs. Feeding relatively high CT forages to ruminants and pseudo ruminants has been reported to produce adverse effects such as reduction in feed intake and animal performance, inhibition of digestive enzymes, depressed blood Hb, elevated serum creatinine, and mortality (Silanikove et al, 1994;Bhat et al, 2013). Setaria verticillata (L.) P. Beauv.…”

“…The grass is well grazed in summer and is suitable for hay making (Oudtshoorn, 1992). Mixing shrubs with grass hay-based diets has been hypothesized as an efficient way of diluting the negative effects of undesirable secondary compounds, such as tannins (Bhat et al, 2013), because the secondary metabolites, particularly CT, in tree fodders could produce intoxication if consumed in excess (Olafadehan et al, 2014).…”

Advances in Agronomic Management for Ensuring Fodder Security in Semi Arid Zones of India- A Review

“…Untreated rice straw can be used as a maintenance diet for Ongole cows with low energy requirements when supplemented with tree legumes at 12 g DM/kg or 2.8 g DM/kg (Syahniar et al, 2012). The technologies will help in the value addition and utilization of various tanniniferous feed, fodder and agroindustrial byproducts and solve the problem of shortage of conventional feed and fodder in the developing countries (Bhat et al, 2013). The results obtained in lab-scale silos suggest that the ensiling of water hycianth on a larger scale could be a viable alternative to farmers and could serve as a source of roughage for ruminants in the tropics (Thanh et al, 2013, Sophal, 2010and Abdalla et al, 1987.…”