Value Cleavages and Partisan Conflict

Günther, Richard; Hsin-chi, Kuan

doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199202836.003.0007

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

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“…If political partisans represent both in-group and out-group members as essentially virtuous, we may be able to understand these differences as a reflection of the different values that Liberals and Conservatives tend to hold (e.g., Feldman, 2003;Graham et al, 2012;Gunther & Kuan, 2007;Haidt & Graham, 2007;Kohn, 1989;Schwartz, 2006;Schwartz et al, 2010). From the perspective of predominantly Conservative values, a familydissonant Liberal identity is doubly bad: first, because it is Liberal, and second, because the agent defied authority and was disrespectful to his parents.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Researchers studying the moral-psychological bases of political ideology have reliably found that Conservatives tend to value ingroup loyalty and respect for authority more than Liberals (e.g., Feldman, 2003;Graham, Nosek, & Haidt, 2012;Gunther & Kuan, 2007;Haidt & Graham, 2007;Kohn, 1989;Schwartz, 2006;Schwartz, Caprara, & Vecchione, 2010). This suggests that Conservative participants may perceive a more serious moral violation when an agent is disloyal to his family.…”

Section: Study 5: Partisan Attributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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When do circumstances excuse? Moral prejudices and beliefs about the true self drive preferences for agency-minimizing explanations

Cullen

2018

Cognition

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A B S T R A C TWhen explaining human actions, people usually focus on a small subset of potential causes. What leads us to prefer certain explanations for valenced actions over others? The present studies indicate that our moral attitudes often predict our explanatory preferences far better than our beliefs about how causally sensitive actions are to features of the actor's environment. Study 1 found that high-prejudice participants were much more likely to endorse nonagential explanations of an erotic same-sex encounter, such as that one of the men endured a stressful event earlier that day. Study 2 manipulated participants' beliefs about how the agent's behavior depended on features of his environment, finding that such beliefs played no clear role in modeling participants' explanatory preferences. This result emerged both with low-and high-prejudice, US and Indian participants, suggesting that these findings probably reflect a species-typical feature of human psychology. Study 3 found that moral attitudes also predicted explanations for a woman's decision to abort her pregnancy (3a) and a person's decision to convert to Islam (3b). Study 4 found that luck in an action's etiology tends to undermine perceptions of blame more readily than perceptions of praise. Finally, Study 5 found that when explaining support for a rival ideology, both Liberals and Conservatives downplay agential causes while emphasizing environmental ones. Taken together, these studies indicate that our explanatory preferences often reflect a powerful tendency to represent agents as possessing virtuous true selves. Consequently, situation-focused explanations often appear salient because people resist attributing negatively valenced actions to the true self. There is a person/situation distinction, but it is normative.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Study 5: Partisan Attributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

When do circumstances excuse? Moral prejudices and beliefs about the true self drive preferences for agency-minimizing explanations

Cullen

2018

Cognition

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“…We generated 40 items to assess eight core political values. We drew upon political values proposed in the political science literature for six of these (Evans & Heath, 1995;Feldman, 1983Feldman, , 1988Goren, 2005;Gunther & Kuan, 2007;Heath, Evans, & Martin, 1994;Jacoby, 2006;McCann, 1997). The six, with an exemplary item for each, are: free enterprise versus government intervention (It would be a good idea to privatize all public enterprises), equality (The government should do more to guarantee an equal distribution of resources between rich and poor), law and order (The police should have more powers so they can protect us better against crime), civil liberties (The most important thing for our country is to defend civil liberties), blind patriotism (I would support my country right or wrong), and traditional morality (It is extremely important to defend our traditional religious and moral values).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Voting and Values: Reciprocal Effects over Time

Vecchione

Caprara

Dentale

et al. 2013

Political Psychology

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Two studies investigated reciprocal effects of values and voting. Study 1 measured adults' basic values and core political values both before (n=1379) and following (n=1030) the 2006 Italian national election. Both types of values predicted voting. Voting choice influenced subsequent core political values but not basic values. The political values of free enterprise, civil liberties, equality, law and order, military intervention, and accepting immigrants changed to become more compatible with the ideology of the chosen coalition. Study 2 measured core political values before (n=697) and following (n=506) the 2008 Italian national election. It largely replicated the reciprocal effects of voting and political values of Study 1. In addition, it demonstrated that left-right ideology mediated the reciprocal effects of voting and political values. Moreover, voter certainty moderated these effects. Political values predicted vote choice more weakly among undecided than decided voters, but voting choice led to more value change among undecided voters. © 2013 International Society of Political Psychology

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“…Feldman (2003: 479) noted that "one potentially valuable approach to the attitude organization problem that has not received sufficient attention … is based on the value construct." Many have assigned a central role to values as organizers of political attitudes (e.g., Braithwaite 1997; Gunther and Kuan 2007;Rokeach 1973;Schwartz 1994). However, empirical studies of the role of values are few in number and these have largely focused on a single or limited set of values.…”

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confidence: 99%

Basic Personal Values Underlie and Give Coherence to Political Values: A Cross National Study in 15 Countries

et al. 2013

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This is the accepted version of the paper.This version of the publication may differ from the final published version. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 3 failed to consider how political attitudes systematically relate to the whole system of basic value priorities (Feldman 2003). The validation of a theory that identifies a comprehensive set of basic personal values and the near universal structure of relations among them (Schwartz 1992(Schwartz , 2006 makes it possible to do this. Permanent repository linkA recent study in Italy ) examined the possibility that the motivational structure of the 10 basic values in the Schwartz (1992) value theory constrains and

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Value Cleavages and Partisan Conflict

Cited by 20 publications

References 0 publications

When do circumstances excuse? Moral prejudices and beliefs about the true self drive preferences for agency-minimizing explanations

When do circumstances excuse? Moral prejudices and beliefs about the true self drive preferences for agency-minimizing explanations

Voting and Values: Reciprocal Effects over Time

Basic Personal Values Underlie and Give Coherence to Political Values: A Cross National Study in 15 Countries

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