Value of Molecular Typing Combined with Integrated Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Risk Stratification of Endometrial Cancer

Abstract

Objective In this study, we investigated the value of molecular typing combined with integrated positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) semi-quantitative indices in endometrial cancer risk stratification. Methods A retrospective study was conducted on 86 patients who were pathologically diagnosed with endometrial cancer and underwent surgical treatment after curettage at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University between January 2017 and March 2023. Prior to surgery, each patient underwent integrated PET/MRI examination. The postoperative samples were subjected to pathological diagnosis, immunohistochemistry, and POLE gene sequencing. The differences in clinicopathological features between the four molecular subtypes and the differences in integrated PET/MRI semi-quantitative indexes (SUV max, ADC min) between the four molecular subtypes were analyzed. The cutoff value of molecular typing combined with integrated PET/MRI semi-quantitative indices for endometrial cancer risk stratification was determined. Results There were statistically significant differences in pathological types and tumor grades among the four molecular subtypes of endometrial cancer. The values of the four integrated PET/MRI semi-quantitative indices (SUV max and ADC min) of the molecular subtypes were statistically different. The SUV max was greater in the p53abn mutation group than in the POLE mutation group ( P < 0.05). The ADC minimum of the POLE mutation group and the MMR-d group was lower than the NSMP group ( P < 0.05). Molecular typing combined with the integrated PET/MRI semi-quantitative SUV max index can predict the low/medium risk group of endometrial cancer and the medium-high/high risk group, and the cut-off value of SUV max for predicting the risk of early endometrial cancer was 14.72 (sensitivity 66.7%, specificity 68.7%). Conclusion Molecular typing combined with integrated PET/MRI semi-quantitative indicators is useful to achieve risk stratification in patients diagnosed with endometrial cancer and guide individualized treatment.