Value of Renal Blood Flow Measurement with Xenon-133 at the Time of Kidney Transplantation

Lewis, David H.; Bergentz, Sven‐Erik; Brunius, U; Ekman, H; Gelin, L E; Hood, B.

doi:10.1097/00000658-196707000-00008

Cited by 17 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Decreased renal blood flow in a stenotic kidney has also been demonstrated by other investigators [4,[6][7][8], but interestingly the fractional distribution of the blood stream towards the outer cortex remains normal. Appar ently, the fall in blood flow has an even effect on the various vascular circuits in the kidney.…”

Section: Application In the Evaluation Of Renovascular Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Use of the Xenon-133 Washout Technique in Diagnosing Renovascular Disease in Hypertension

Leeuw¹,

Wh²

1986

Nephron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In this paper several aspects of the evaluation of renal perfusion by means of the xenon-133 washout technique are reviewed. Although the method requires arterial catheterization, and is difficult to carry out in the face of far-advanced renal artery stenosis, in many patients it may provide useful information on the intrarenal hemodynamic pattern. In patients with renal artery stenosis the percentage of total flow perfusing the rapid compartment ( = outer cortex) is maintained, but absolute flow in that compartment is reduced to a variable degree. It is suggested that this reflects recruitment of fast-flow nephrons in response to a fall in perfusion pressure.

show abstract

Section: Application In the Evaluation Of Renovascular Hypertensionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Use of the Xenon-133 Washout Technique in Diagnosing Renovascular Disease in Hypertension

Leeuw¹,

Wh²

1986

Nephron

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Homografts that have already sustained an ischemic insult often do not have a normal blood flow in the early post-transplantation period. 14 In addition, immunosuppressive agents are then part of the picture. These include prednisone, with its ability to produce paralysis of the reticuloendothelial system, 15 and azathioprine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shwartzman Reaction after Human Renal Homotransplantation

Starzl¹,

Lerner²,

Dixon³

et al. 1968

N Engl J Med

189

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In three human recipients, five renal homografts were destroyed within a few minutes to hours after their revascularization in the new host. The kidneys, removed one to 54 days later, had cortical necrosis. The major vessels were patent, but the arterioles and glomeruli were the site of fibrin deposition. There was little or no fixation of host immunoglobulins in the homografts. The findings were characteristic of a generalized Shwartzman reaction.Although the cause (or causes) of the Shwartzman reaction in our patients is not known, they may have been conditioned by the bacterial contamination and hemolysis that often attend hemodialysis, by immunosuppression and by the transplantation itself. Some of the patients have preformed lymphocytotoxic antibodies. Thus, certain patients may be predisposed. High-risk patients should be recognized and treated prophylactically with anticoagulants.Recently, there have been several reports of "hyperacute rejection" after human renal homotransplantation. In some of these cases the homograft sustained an irreparable injury while the patient was still on the operating table. [1][2][3][4] In cases in which major red-cell group compatibility existed between the donors and recipients, such a complication was not recognized in the first 180 cases of renal transplantation at the University of Colorado. Then, within an interval of six and a half weeks, five homografts were destroyed in three patients within minutes or hours after their revascularization.It has been suggested 2-4 that these immediate disasters were due to the direct cytotoxic action of preformed antibodies in the host that reacted against histocompatibility antigens present in the transplanted kidney. The state of advance sensitization to these specific antigens was presumably induced during the course of multiple pregnancies, by the previous administration of multiple blood transfusions or by other means such as prior renal homotransplantation. Where pathological reports were given, the morphologic consequence of the supposed acute antigen-antibody reactions included extensive destruction of the homograft vasculature. [2][3][4] In the homografts of our own patients, the most striking finding was extensive intravascular deposition of fibrin, causing occlusion of most of the glomerular capillaries and consequent cortical necrosis exactly as occurs in the experimental generalized Shwartzman reaction. 5 There was little or no host immunoglobulin deposition in the five kidneys removed 24 hours to eight weeks after transplantation.

show abstract

“…The transplant immediately became cyanotic and showed a dimnished turgor within ten minutes. The renal blood flow, measured after injection of Xenon-133 (Lewis, Bergentz, Brunius, Ekman, Gelin & Hood, 1967) was less than 50 ml per minute and 100 g of tissue. The transplant was removed after which the second kidney from the same donor was transplanted.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 93%

Apparent Success in Avoiding Hyperacute Rejection in a Renal Allograft

Ahlmén

Hood

Lindholm

et al. 1970

Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Two cadaveric kidneys from a donor belonging to a compatible blood-group were transplanted in a 47year-old woman with uremia caused by polycystic kidneys. Both kidneys rejected immediately in the presence of humoral antibodies. During seven months of recurrent hemodialysis, different degrees of lymphocytotoxicity in the patient's serum with lymphocytes from different possible cadaveric kidney donors were observed until a negative test was obtained with the lymphocytes of a potential donor. This donor-kidney was transplanted in the patient with good results. The method of intentional waiting for a good histocompatibility and a negative test for cytotoxins in cross-matching is looked upon as being more biologically sound than other methods of treatment which have been reported: local, intra-renal artery treatment, anticoagulants or extracorporeal irradiation. Scand J Urol Nephrol4Scand J Urol Nephrol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by York University Libraries on 12/27/14For personal use only. -702826 Scand J Urol Nephrvl4Scand J Urol Nephrol Downloaded from informahealthcare.com by York University Libraries on 12/27/14For personal use only.

show abstract

Value of Renal Blood Flow Measurement with Xenon-133 at the Time of Kidney Transplantation

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Use of the Xenon-133 Washout Technique in Diagnosing Renovascular Disease in Hypertension

Use of the Xenon-133 Washout Technique in Diagnosing Renovascular Disease in Hypertension

Shwartzman Reaction after Human Renal Homotransplantation

Apparent Success in Avoiding Hyperacute Rejection in a Renal Allograft

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About