Value of the Left Inferior Thyroid Artery Peak Systolic Velocity in Diagnosing Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Banaka, Ioanna; Thomas, Dimitrios; Kaltsas, Gregory

doi:10.7863/ultra.32.11.1969

Cited by 11 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Left inferior thyroid artery PSV>26.11 cm/s has 91.7% specificity for Hashimoto disease 15. We found inferior thyroid artery mPSV 32.06±6.55 cm/s in the group with normal vitamin D level and 29.93±11.15 cm/s in the group with low vitamin D. Inferior thyroid artery PSV values were found consistent with literature for HT.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency with thyroid artery Doppler ultrasonography in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis

et al. 2017

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Background & Objective:During the course of the autoimmune thyroid diseases, ultrasonography change parallel to histopathology. Vitamin D is associated with autoimmune diseases and thus can affect thyroid blood flow. Our aim was to investigate the relationship between vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency and thyroid hemodynamic indices in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis.Methods:A total of 93 patients who presented to Sakarya University Endocrinology outpatient clinic from April to September 2016 and diagnosed with Hashimoto thyroiditis were included in this study. Clinical and serologic data, thyroid antibodies and 25(OH)D3 were evaluated. Mean peak systolic velocity(mPSV), mean end-diastolic velocity (EDV), mean resistive index (RI) flows of superior and inferior thyroid arteries were measured with B-mode Doppler ultrasonography.Results:Vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency was detected in 59 (63.4%). TPO Ab and TgAb levels were found higher in patients with vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency. In the normal vitamin D group, superior thyroid artery mPSV (32.21±6.73cm/s) and EDV(13.27±2.80 cm/s) were higher than in the low vitamin D group [mPSV (28.32±8.99cm/s) and EDV(10.67±3.68 cm/s)] (P=0.034, P=0.001, respectively). Inferior thyroid artery EDV value was higher in the normal compared to the low vitamin D group (0.032). RI measured in all arteries were higher in the vitamin D insufficient/deficient group compared to the Vitamin D normal group (p=0.001).Conclusion:Vitamin-D insufficiency/deficiency has led to reduced parenchymal blood supply and increased micro-vascular resistance in Hashimoto thyroiditis patients.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Association of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency with thyroid artery Doppler ultrasonography in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis

et al. 2017

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“…In contrast, thyroid vascularity, as expressed by the left TL VI, was found to be significantly increased in patients with rheumatic diseases (group-1, 2, 3); however, only left ITA PSV was significantly increased in group-1 patients compared to healthy controls (group-4). Group-1 patients demonstrated a tendency to increased vascularity (left TL VI and left ITA PSV) and reduced echogenicity that are both considered to represent early features of AITD [11][12][13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Thyroid blood flow was assessed following at least 5 measurements of each left and right ITA. Left ITA PSV [26.11 cm/s was considered suggestive of AITD [13].…”

Section: Ultrasonographic Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, thyroid ultrasound may offer valuable information, particularly where alterations of thyroid autoantibody titers and/or TSH changes may not be diagnostic [9,10]. Reduced thyroid echogenicity, an increased left thyroid lobe vascularity index (TL VI), and an increased left inferior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity (ITA PSV) are important associations predicting progression to AITD [11][12][13], even in the absence of thyroid autoantibodies, which is important as 10 % of HT patients may be seronegative [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid-specific changes following treatment with biological therapies in patients with rheumatic diseases

et al. 2015

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Biological anti-rheumatic agents (BAA) may induce autoimmune phenomena. Evidence on thyroid-specific effects of these agents is relatively limited. We studied prospectively, over 3 years, 36 rheumatic patients treated with BAA (18 Infliximab and 18 Rituximab) and no prior exposure to biological therapies (group-1), with respect to their thyroid function, thyroid antibody titers, and thyroid ultrasonographic parameters, such as left inferior thyroid artery peak systolic velocity (ITA PSV), left thyroid lobe vascularity index (TL VI), and echogenicity. Twenty-eight rheumatic patients treated with disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs and/or glucocorticoids (group-2), 21 rheumatic patients not receiving any treatment (group-3), and 49 healthy individuals (group-4) were used for comparison. Thyroid function and autoantibody titers were not significantly altered at any stage irrespectively of the administered BAA, previously unknown autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) status, and/or concomitant treatment with glucocorticoids. Left ITA PSV was significantly increased in group-1 patients (mean ± SD start: 25.5 ± 14.1 cm/s vs. end: 29.8 ± 11.1 cm/s, p = 0.038 and p < 0.001, respectively). Six group-1, 7 group-2, and 3 group-3 patients developed reduced thyroid echogenicity during follow-up (start: p = 0.003 and end: p < 0.001). Left ITA PSV, left TL VI, and echogenicity changes were not related to alterations in thyroid volume, thyrotropin hormone levels, and/or underlying AITD. Infliximab and Rituximab do not cause any alterations in thyroid function and/or autoimmunity, even in patients with previously undiagnosed AITD. Elevated left ITA PSV and reduced thyroid echogenicity may be early features signaling progression to AITD in patients treated with BAA.

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“…Although establishing the diagnosis from the clinical course poses no problem, accurate diagnosis at the initial presentation requires additional imaging modalities . Ultrasound has gained widespread use both for initial diagnosis and during follow‐up to evaluate the therapeutic response …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Evaluation of Pediatric Graves Disease and Hashimoto Thyroiditis

Bayramoğlu

Kandemirli

Sarı

et al. 2019

J of Ultrasound Medicine

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Objectives-We aimed to investigate the differences between spectral Doppler and Superb Microvascular Imaging (SMI; Canon Medical Systems, Tokyo, Japan) findings in children with Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) and Graves disease (GD) compared to healthy control participants.Methods-The study included 34 patients with GD, 37 patients with HT, and 22 healthy volunteers. All patients with HT and 11 patients with GD were euthyroid; 23 patients with GD had symptoms of hyperthyroidism and had thyrotropin values of less than 0.5 mIU/L. Thyroid volumes, mean resistive indices, and peak systolic velocities along with vascularity indices (VIs) on Superb Microvascular Imaging were measured.

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Value of the Left Inferior Thyroid Artery Peak Systolic Velocity in Diagnosing Autoimmune Thyroid Disease

Cited by 11 publications

References 27 publications

Association of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency with thyroid artery Doppler ultrasonography in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis

Association of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency with thyroid artery Doppler ultrasonography in patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis

Thyroid-specific changes following treatment with biological therapies in patients with rheumatic diseases

Superb Microvascular Imaging in the Evaluation of Pediatric Graves Disease and Hashimoto Thyroiditis

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