A facile and highly effective one-pot synthesis of polyhydroquinoline derivatives is reported via Hantzsch condensation of aldehydes, 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, ethyl acetoacetate, and ammonium acetate in the presence of 1,3-disulfonic acid imidazolium hydrogen sulfate as an efficient and recyclable ionic liquid under solvent-free conditions. This methodology offers several advantages such as short reaction times, high yields, environmentally benign, mild reaction conditions, simple work-up procedure, and reusability of the ionic liquid.