Vanadium content of some tunicates

Ciereszko, Leon S.; Ciereszko, Esther M; Harris, Edwin R.; Lane, Charles A.

doi:10.1016/0010-406x(63)90077-x

Cited by 45 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Clavelina oblonga (Prenant, 1925;Webb, 1939;Levine, 1961;Ciereszko et al, 1963; and Acidity and Vanadium Content of Bermuda Ascidians Swinehart et al, 1974). Previously it had been thought that very high vanadium concentrations (over The occurrences of acidity in the families Didem-1000 ppm d. W.) were limited to the families nidae, Polycitoridae, Polyclinidae, and Ascidiidae, of Perophoridae and Ascidiidae (Goodbody, 1974).…”

Section: -6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Chemical Defense and Ecology in Benthic Ascidians

Stoecker¹

1980

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

109

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Thirty-five species of nearshore, benthic ascidians were collected in Bermuda and notes were made on their habitat, microhabitat, susceptibility to epizoic recruitment, morphology, and acidity. Twenty-four ascidian species were later analyzed for vanadium and iron contents. Ten species had vanadium concentrations of over 100 ppm d. W. (dry weight); three species had vanadium concentrations of over 1000 ppm d. W. Iron contents were independent of vanadium contents. Thirteen species had acidic (pH 5 2 ) tunic fluids. Tunic fluid pH was not associated with vanadium contents. Vanadium content was not significantly associated with habitat, microhabitat, susceptibility to epizoic recruitment, or coloniality. Tunic acidity was significantly associated with habitat and lack of epibionts. No acidic species had macroscopic epibionts. Coloniality was significantly associated with lack of epibionts. These findings are discussed in reference to previous experimental work, which has shown that high vanadium contents and acidity are involved in chemical defense in ascidians, and in reference to the role of chemical defenses in sessile, epibenthic, marine invertebrates.

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Section: -6mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationships Between Chemical Defense and Ecology in Benthic Ascidians

Stoecker¹

1980

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

109

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“…Concentrations of A 4 and P 4 were determined by radioimmunoassay according to the method described by Ciereszko [19]. Cross-reactivity of antisera against A 4 and P 4 has been reported by Szafranska et al [20].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Activity and Localization of 3β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ<sup>5</sup>-Δ<sup>4</sup> Isomerase and Release of Androstenedione and Progesterone by Uterine Tissues During Early Pregnancy and the Estrous Cycle in Pigs

Wojciechowicz

Kotwica

Kołakowska

et al. 2013

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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Steroid hormones are produced by the porcine uterus. We hypothesized that the uterus in pigs possesses active 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase/Δ5-Δ4 isomerase (3β-HSD) responsible for progesterone and androstenedione production, that uterine steroids may supplement the amount of steroid hormones produced by embryos and corpus luteum and that these steroids are necessary for maintenance of pregnancy. In this study, we examined 1) endometrial and myometrial expression of 3β-HSD mRNA, 2) uterine 3β-HSD protein activity and 3) in vitro production of A4 and P4 by uterine slices harvested from pigs on days 10 to 11, 12 to 13 and 15 to 16 of pregnancy and the estrous cycle. The expression of 3β-HSD and the presence and activity of 3β-HSD protein were different in the endometrium and the myometrium during the examined periods of pregnancy and the estrous cycle. Production of A4 by the endometrium and myometrium was highest on days 12 to 13 of pregnancy and the estrous cycle. Endometrial secretion of P4 did not differ in the course of early pregnancy and on the respective days of the estrous cycle. The gravid myometrium was the highest source of P4 in pregnant pigs on days 12 to 13. The release of P4 by the cyclic myometrium rose during the examined days of the estrous cycle. The steroidogenic activity of the uterus, as described in this study, may support early pregnancy or the luteal phase of the estrous cycle in pigs.

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“…vanadium is absent in stolidobranchs, but is present in aplousobranchs and phlebobranchs), families, and genera, although some exceptions apparently exist (8,15,51,52,54). Blood cell vanadium in phlebobranchs is dominated by the trivalent ion, with only a few percent present as V(IV), whereas in aplousobranchs, blood cell vanadium is predominantly V(IV) (15,16).…”

Section: Figmentioning

confidence: 97%

Vanadium K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Reveals Species Differences within the Same Ascidian Genera

Frank¹,

Kustin²,

Robinson³

1998

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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Vanadium K-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to examine whole blood preparations from the tunicates Ascidia nigra and Ascidia ceratodes. Each XAS spectrum exhibits a rising edge inflection near 5480 eV characteristic of vanadium(III) and an intensity maximum at 5484.0 eV. In A. ceratodes blood cells, intrinsic aquo-VSO 4 ϩ complex ion is indicated by an inflection feature at 5476 eV in the first derivative of the vanadium K-edge XAS spectrum, but this feature is notably absent from the first derivative of the vanadium K-edge spectrum of blood cells from A. nigra. A strong pre-edge feature at 5468.6 eV also uniquely distinguishes the vanadium K-edge XAS spectrum of A. nigra blood cells, implying that vanadyl ion represents ϳ25% of the endogenous vanadium. However, the energy position of the rising edge inflection of the vanadium K-edge XAS spectrum of A. nigra (5479.5 eV) is 1 eV lower than that of A. ceratodes (5480.5 eV), the reverse of any expected shift arising from the endogenous vanadyl ion. Thus, in contrast to A. ceratodes, a significant fraction of the blood cell vanadium(III) in A. nigra is apparently in a ligation environment substantially different from that provided by water. These novel species-related differences may have taxonomic significance.The bioinorganic chemistry of vanadium in ascidians has been of increasing interest in the past several years, resulting in a steady clarification of problems regarding the distribution and intracellular status of this metal ion (1-4). In solitary phlebobranch ascidians, vanadium is concentrated within blood cells up to several million times the ambient seawater concentration. In addition, blood cell vanadium is typically reduced from oceanic V(V)-vanadate to V(IV) or V(III) (5-20). There is no evidence for

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Vanadium content of some tunicates

Cited by 45 publications

References 7 publications

Relationships Between Chemical Defense and Ecology in Benthic Ascidians

Relationships Between Chemical Defense and Ecology in Benthic Ascidians

The Activity and Localization of 3β-hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase/Δ<sup>5</sup>-Δ<sup>4</sup> Isomerase and Release of Androstenedione and Progesterone by Uterine Tissues During Early Pregnancy and the Estrous Cycle in Pigs

Vanadium K-edge X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy Reveals Species Differences within the Same Ascidian Genera

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