Vanadium in soil-plant system: Source, fate, toxicity, and bioremediation

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

The use of citric acid (CA) chelator to facilitate metal bioavailability is a promising approach for phytoextraction of heavy metal contaminants. However, the role of CA chelator associated with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation on phytoextraction of vanadium (V) has not been studied. Therefore, in this study, a greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the combined effect of CA chelator and AMF inoculation on plant growth and V phytoextraction in the V mining contaminated soil by Medicago sativa Linn. (M. sativa). The experiment was performed via CA (at 0, 5 and 10 mM kg − 1 soil levels) application alone or in combination with AMF inoculation. Plant biomass, root mycorrhizal colonization, P and V accumulation, antioxidant enzyme activity in plant, and soil chemical speciation of V were evaluated. Results depicted (1) a marked decline in plant biomass and root mycorrhizal colonization in 5-and 10-mM CA treatments which were accompanied by a signi cant increased V accumulation in M. sativa tissues. The effects could be attributed to the enhancement of bioavailable V by mainly transferring from the reducible to acid-soluble V fraction. (2) The presence of CA signi cantly enhanced P acquisition while the ratio of P/V concentration in plant shoots and roots decreased, owing to the increased V translocation from soil to plant. (3) In both CA treated soil, AMF symbiosis signi cantly improved dry weight (31.4-73.3%) and P content (37.3-122.5%) in shoot and root of M. sativa, and showed markedly contribution in reduction of malondialdehyde (MDA) content (12.8-16.2%) and higher antioxidants (SOD, POD and CAT) activities in the leaves, suggesting their combination could promote growth performance and stimulate antioxidant response alleviating V stress induced by CA chelator. (4) Taken together, 10 mM kg − 1 CA application and AMF inoculation combination exhibited higher amount of extracted V both in the shoot and root. Thus, citric acid-AMF-plant symbiosis provides a novel remediation strategy for in situ V phytoextraction by M. sativa in the contaminated soil.

Section: Ca Facilitates V Transport and Accumulation In Plant From Soilcontrasting

confidence: 46%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Citric acid and AMF inoculation combination–assisted phytoextraction of vanadium (V) by Medicago sativa in V mining contaminated soil

Qiu

Gao

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

“…MDA is a final decomposition product of lipid peroxidation, and the content of MDA in tissue is widely used to indirectly determine the physiological condition of the plant response against abiotic stress ( Kumar et al, 2019 ; Chen et al, 2020 ). Our study showed that 75-Gy EBTTX irradiation significantly increased the MDA concentrations in the two freesia varieties, inferring clear oxidative damage under irradiation stress.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological effects of electron beam to target turning X-ray (EBTTX) on two freesia (Freesia hybrida) cultivars

Liu

et al. 2021

PeerJ

Self Cite

Electron beam to target turning X-ray (EBTTX) is an emerging irradiation technology that can potentially accelerate the breeding process of plants. The biological effects of EBTTX irradiation on the two freesia cultivars (the red freesia and the purple freesia) were investigated by establishing an irradiation-mediated mutation breeding protocol. The germination rate, survival rate, plant height, leaf number and area, root number and length of the two freesia cultivars decreased following different irradiation doses (25, 50, 75, and 100-Gy). A high irradiation dose exhibited stronger inhibition effects on these plant growth parameters, and the survival rate of the two freesia cultivars was 0.00% following the 100-Gy irradiation treatment. The median lethal dose (LD50) based on survival rates was 54.28-Gy for the red freesia and 60.11-Gy for the purple freesia. The flowering rate, flower number, and pollen vigor were significantly decreased by irradiation treatment. At 75-Gy irradiation, the flowering rate, flower number and pollen viability of the two varieties reached the minimum, exhibiting strong inhibitory effects. Meanwhile, 75-Gy irradiation significantly decreased the chlorophyll content and increased the malondialdehyde (MDA) content of the two freesia cultivars. Furthermore, as the irradiation dose increased, the changes in the micro-morphology of the leaf epidermis and pollen gradually increased according to a scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. These results are expected to provide useful information for the mutation breeding of different freesia cultivars and other flowering plants.

“…Both anthropogenic and natural processes can affect hydrochemistry and the major ion concentration level [1,2]. With the accelerated improvement of economy, the increased anthropogenic activities (e.g., industrial/domestic wastewater, agricultural emissions) have rapidly enhanced the riverine pollutants [3,4], which will further result in a series of environmental issues and risks [5,6], such as the destruction of soil aggregate structure by polluted river water irrigation, and the health risks via drinking water [7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfur Isotope and Stoichiometry–Based Source Identification of Major Ions and Risk Assessment in Chishui River Basin, Southwest China

et al. 2021

Water

Hydrochemistry and sulfur isotope (δ34S–SO42−) of Chishui River watershed in Southwest China were measured to identify the sources of riverine solutes, the potential impact of human activities, water quality, and health risk. The main findings indicated that the HCO3− (2.22 mmol/L) and Ca2+ (1.54 mmol/L) were the major ions, with the cation order of Ca2+ (71 ± 6%) > Mg2+ (21 ± 6%) > Na+ + K+ (8 ± 3%) and the anion sequence of HCO3− (55 ± 9%) > SO42− (41 ± 9%) > Cl− (4 ± 3%). The riverine δ34S–SO42− values fluctuated from −7.79‰ to +22.13‰ (average +4.68‰). Overall, the water samples from Chishui River presented a hydrochemical type of Calcium–Bicarbonate. The stoichiometry and PCA analysis extracted three PCs that explained 79.67% of the total variances. PC 1 with significantly positive loadings of K+, Mg2+, F−, HCO3− and relatively strong loading of Ca2+ revealed the natural sources of rock weathering inputs (mainly carbonate). PC 2 (Na+ and Cl−) was primarily explained as atmospheric contribution, while the human inputs were assuaged by landscape setting and river water mixing processes. The strongest loadings of SO42− and NO3− were found in PC 3, which could be defined as the anthropogenic inputs. The H2SO4–involved weathering processes significantly impacted (facilitated weathering) the concentrations of riverine total ions. Sulfur isotope compositions further indicated that riverine SO42− were mainly controlled by anthropogenic inputs SO42− compared to the sulfide oxidation derived SO42−, and the atmospheric contribution was very limited. The results of risk and water quality assessment demonstrated that Chishui River water was desirable for irrigation and drinking purposes due to low hazard quotient values (<1, ignorable risk), but long–term monitoring is still worthy under the circumstances of global environmental change.