Vancomycin and rifampin therapy for Staphylococcus epidermidis meningitis associated with CSF shunts

Gombert, Myles E.; Landesman, Sheldon; Corrado, Michael L.; Stein, Sherman C.; Melvin, Ellen T.; Cummings, Marinella

doi:10.3171/jns.1981.55.4.0633

Cited by 51 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the risk for resistance development is high when the drug is not combined with other antibiotics. Rifampicin easily penetrates into the CSF, which allows favourable results in the absence of intraventricular therapy [72].…”

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid diversion devices and infection. A comprehensive review

Gutiérrez-González

Boto

Pérez-Zamarrón

2011

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Hydrocephalus is a common neurosurgical disease affecting approximately 40 per 100,000 people. Cerebrospinal fluid diversion devices are essential in the management of this pathology. These devices include internal shunts and external ventricular drains. Infection is the most significant complication resulting from the high frequency of appearance and the consequences it involves, since it is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. It also involves increased hospital costs (approximately 40,000 euro per episode). In the present report the authors make a comprehensive review of cerebrospinal fluid diversion devices and their most important complication: infection. The authors make special emphasis on the epidemiology, aetiology, pathogenesis, risk factors, symptoms and signs, diagnosis, treatment and prevention of infection.

show abstract

Section: Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebrospinal fluid diversion devices and infection. A comprehensive review

Gutiérrez-González

Boto

Pérez-Zamarrón

2011

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Rifampin having very good CSF penetration has made it an important component in the management of these infections (31,55,146). Most of the data supporting the use of rifampin combination therapy are based on small case series, mostly with good success (55,91,105,146). Similarly, the prolonged use of rifampin combination therapy without a removal of the source of infection can result in the emergence of rifampin-resistant isolates (55).…”

Section: Staphylococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

Rifampin Combination Therapy for Nonmycobacterial Infections

2010

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SUMMARY The increasing emergence of antimicrobial-resistant organisms, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), has resulted in the increased use of rifampin combination therapy. The data supporting rifampin combination therapy in nonmycobacterial infections are limited by a lack of significantly controlled clinical studies. Therefore, its current use is based upon in vitro or in vivo data or retrospective case series, all with major limitations. A prominent observation from this review is that rifampin combination therapy appears to have improved treatment outcomes in cases in which there is a low organism burden, such as biofilm infections, but is less effective when effective surgery to obtain source control is not performed. The clinical data support rifampin combination therapy for the treatment of prosthetic joint infections due to methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) after extensive debridement and for the treatment of prosthetic heart valve infections due to coagulase-negative staphylococci. Importantly, rifampin-vancomycin combination therapy has not shown any benefit over vancomycin monotherapy against MRSA infections either clinically or experimentally. Rifampin combination therapy with daptomycin, fusidic acid, and linezolid needs further exploration for these severe MRSA infections. Lastly, an assessment of the risk-benefits is needed before the addition of rifampin to other antimicrobials is considered to avoid drug interactions or other drug toxicities.

show abstract

“…If staphylococci are isolated and the organism is methicillin susceptible, therapy should be changed to either nafcillin or oxacillin. The addition of rifampin to an antistaphylococcal agent may augment treatment [97][98][99], especially if the infected catheter is retained. One patient with an S. epidermidis ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection [100] and another with an Enterococcus faecalis ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection [101] were cured with shunt removal and intravenous linezolid.…”

Section: Once a Pathogen Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America’s Clinical Practice Guidelines for Healthcare-Associated Ventriculitis and Meningitis*

Tunkel

Hasbun

Bhimraj

et al. 2017

Clinical Infectious Diseases

698

671

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) Standards and Practice Guidelines Committee collaborated with partner organizations to convene a panel of 10 experts on healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis. The panel represented pediatric and adult specialists in the field of infectious diseases and represented other organizations whose members care for patients with healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis (American Academy of Neurology, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, and Neurocritical Care Society). The panel reviewed articles based on literature reviews, review articles and book chapters, evaluated the evidence and drafted recommendations. Questions were reviewed and approved by panel members. Subcategories were included for some questions based on specific populations of patients who may develop healthcare-associated ventriculitis and meningitis after the following procedures or situations: cerebrospinal fluid shunts, cerebrospinal fluid drains, implantation of intrathecal infusion pumps, implantation of deep brain stimulation hardware, and general neurosurgery and head trauma. Recommendations were followed by the strength of the recommendation and the quality of the evidence supporting the recommendation. Many recommendations, however, were based on expert opinion because rigorous clinical data are not available. These guidelines represent a practical and useful approach to assist practicing clinicians in the management of these challenging infections.

show abstract

Vancomycin and rifampin therapy for Staphylococcus epidermidis meningitis associated with CSF shunts

Cited by 51 publications

References 13 publications

Cerebrospinal fluid diversion devices and infection. A comprehensive review

Cerebrospinal fluid diversion devices and infection. A comprehensive review

Rifampin Combination Therapy for Nonmycobacterial Infections

2017 Infectious Diseases Society of America’s Clinical Practice Guidelines for Healthcare-Associated Ventriculitis and Meningitis*

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About