Vancomycin MIC and agr dysfunction in invasive MRSA infections in southern Brazil

Rossato, Adriana Medianeira; Primon-Barros, Muriel; Dias, Cícero; d’Azevedo, Pedro Alves

doi:10.1007/s42770-020-00384-0

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Recent reports have suggested a concerning scenario, indicating that all Brazilian regions have notified the presence of MRSA strains, especially in the southeastern region, the most affected in the last decades [71]. Although vancomycin resistance genes are commonly found in soils [72,73], our findings highlight the importance of environmental surveillance, since Staphylococcus were one of the major components of agricultural soils, abundant with vanRO genes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Metagenomic insights for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in soils with different land uses in Brazil

Ordine

Souza

Tamasco³

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Anthropization in terrestrial environments commonly leads to land use transformation, changing soil properties and their microbial communities. This, combined with the exacerbated use of antibiotics in human and animal health promotes the expansion of the soil resistome. Considering the urgent need for surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), we aimed to evaluate how different land practices (urban, farming and forest) can affect the soil resistome and the dynamics of their bacterial communities. We collected eight soil samples from different locations in the countryside of Sao Paulo (Brazil), assessed the community profiles based on 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed the soil metagenomes based on shotgun sequencing. Our results highlight differences in the communities' structure and their dynamics which were correlated with land practices. Additionally, differences were observed in the abundance and diversity of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and virulence factors (VFs) across studied soils, where a higher presence and homogeneity of vanRO, mtrA and rbpA genes were detected in livestock soils. We observed that Staphylococcus and Bacillus are positively correlated with each other and are markers for agricultural communities. Moreover, the abundance and diversity of ARGs and VFs observed in farming soils raises concerns regarding the potential spread of these genes in the environment. Together, our findings reinforce the importance and urgency of AMR surveillance in the environment, especially in soils undergoing deep land use transformations due to anthropic activity.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 57%

Metagenomic insights for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in soils with different land uses in Brazil

Ordine

Souza

Tamasco³

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…A structured management in diagnosis and treatment of S. aureus BSI, which differs accordingly to methicillin-resistance, is crucial for an optimal outcome [ 43 ]. Vancomycin is the first-line treatment for MRSA BSI worldwide [ 5 ], although non-susceptible vancomycin isolates have been already reported [ 21 , 44 ]. In the present study, no hVISA/VISA (Vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus ) or VRSA (vancomycin-resistant S. aureus ) isolates were detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pandemic clone USA300 in a Brazilian hospital: detection of an emergent lineage among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bloodstream infections

Augusto

Fernandes

Oliveira

et al. 2022

Antimicrob Resist Infect Control

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Background Staphylococcus aureus is one of the leading causes of bloodstream infections (BSI) worldwide. In Brazil, the hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant S. aureus USA100/SCCmecII lineage replaced the previously well-established clones. However, the emergence of community-associated (CA) MRSA lineages among hospitalized patients is an increasing issue. Methods Consecutive S. aureus isolates recovered from BSI episodes of patients admitted between January 2016 and December 2018 in a Brazilian teaching hospital were tested for antimicrobial resistance, their genotypic features were characterized, and the clinical characteristics of the patients were evaluated. Results A total of 123 S. aureus isolates were recovered from 113 patients. All isolates were susceptible to linezolid, teicoplanin and vancomycin and 13.8% were not susceptible to daptomycin. Vancomycin MIC50 and MIC90 of 2 mg/L were found for both MRSA and MSSA isolates. The MRSA isolation rate was 30.1% (37/123), and 51.4% of them carried the SCCmec type II, followed by SCCmecIV (40.5%). Among the 37 MRSA isolates, the main lineages found were USA100/SCCmecII/ST5 and ST105 (53.7%) and USA800/ST5/SCCmecIV (18.9%). Surprisingly, six (16%) CA-MRSA isolates, belonging to USA300/ST8/SCCmecIVa that carried PVL genes and the ACME cassette type I, were detected. These six patients with USA300 BSI had severe comorbidities, including cancer, and most had a Charlson score ≥ 5; furthermore, they were in wards attended by the same health professionals. MRSA isolates were associated with hospital acquired infections (p = 0.02) in more elderly patients (p = 0.03) and those diagnosed with hematologic cancer (p = 0.04). Among patients diagnosed with MRSA BSI, 19 (54.3%) died. Conclusions The pandemic MRSA USA300 was detected for the first time in the Brazilian teaching hospital under study, and its cross-transmission most probably occurred between patients with BSI. This lineage may already be circulating among other Brazilian hospitals, which highlights the importance of carrying out surveillance programs to fight multidrug resistant and hypervirulent isolates.

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“…4 Accessory gene regulator (agr) dysfunction are predictors of VRSA and the presence vancomycin therapy failure. 5 This brought coclusion the importance of extracting natural substances that have anti-bacterial effects or that modulate the immune response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effectivity of Thymus vulgaris Extract on IL-1 Level and Bacterial Count in The Heart of Balb-c Mice Infected with MRSA

Nitihapsari

Farida

Sofro

2021

J. Biomed. Transl. Res.

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Background: The increasing phenomenon resistance of bacteria to various types of antibiotics, for example MRSA (Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus) became a serious problem. Over the last few decades S. aureus has become the dominant cause of endocarditis. MRSA data in Indonesia are still rarely reported. This has led to the importance of extracting natural substances that have anti-bacterial effects or that modulate immune response such as Thymus vulgaris (TV). It was hypothesized that TV can overcome MRSA infection by increasing IL-1, which is the initial cytokine in a natural immune response stimulated by the presence of S. aureus. Objective: This study was to investigate the effect of Thymus vulgaris extract on IL-1 and bacterial counts in the heart of balb-c mice infected with MRSA. Methods: There were 30 male Balb-c mice randomly divided into six groups. Group K (mice infected with MRSA without treatment),P1(mice treated with TV extract 7 days later infected with MRSA), P2(mice infected and treated with vancomycin), P3(mice infected and treated with TV+vancomycin extract), P4(mice infected and treated with amoxicillin), and P5 (mice infected and treated with TV extract+amoxicillin). IL-1 and bacterial count was assessed by ELISA and microbiological culture. Results: The result showed that there was a significant increase in IL-1 between groups (p=0.001).The median decrease in the bacterial count in the heart was 0 in almost treatment group except for P4 group which its median was 26.000 (p=0.161). The correlation between IL-1 levels and MRSA count in the heart had a weak negative correlation (r=-0.182). Conclusion: Thymus vulgaris extract was effective to increase IL-1 levels significantly but was not proven to decrease MRSA count in the heart of balb-c mice.

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Vancomycin MIC and agr dysfunction in invasive MRSA infections in southern Brazil

Cited by 5 publications

References 30 publications

Metagenomic insights for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in soils with different land uses in Brazil

Metagenomic insights for antimicrobial resistance surveillance in soils with different land uses in Brazil

Pandemic clone USA300 in a Brazilian hospital: detection of an emergent lineage among methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates from bloodstream infections

The Effectivity of Thymus vulgaris Extract on IL-1 Level and Bacterial Count in The Heart of Balb-c Mice Infected with MRSA

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