Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Joshi, Seema; Shallal, Anita; Zervos, Marcus

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2021.07.002

Cited by 33 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…These data on the increasing prevalence of VRE strains are in line with other recent evidence from Greece showing a high carriage of VRE strains either in terms of colonization or in terms of infections in the hospital setting in recent years [ 22 , 50 ]. Furthermore, the increase in the detection of VRE mandates the activation of infection control and antimicrobial stewardship in a local and possibly, a more generalized setting, since infection control measures could allow the reduction of the spread of these pathogens to other patients [ 51 ]. On the other hand, implementation of appropriate antimicrobial stewardship practices could allow for a reduction of unnecessary vancomycin use that could lead to a reduction in future detection of VRE strains, even though in some studies, application of antimicrobial stewardship programs had minor effects in the isolation of VRE strains [ 52 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Six-Year Retrospective Study of Microbiological Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Specimens from a Tertiary Hospital’s Surgical Ward

et al. 2023

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Surgery has revolutionized the practice of medicine by allowing the treatment of conditions amenable to conservative medical management with some of them pathophysiologically involving the prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms. On the other hand, infections such as surgical site infections or urinary tract infections may complicate patients hospitalized in surgical wards leading to considerable morbidity, mortality, and increased healthcare-associated costs. The aim of this study was to present the microbiological characteristics and antimicrobial resistance of all isolates identified in microbiological specimens from a surgical ward of a tertiary hospital in Greece during a six-year period. Only specimens that yielded at least one microorganism were included in the analysis. In total, 1459 strains in 789 positive cultures were isolated. The most common sample sent to the microbiology department was pus from surgical wounds. The most common pathogens among all 1459 strains isolated were Enterobacterales at 33% (n = 482), however, the most common genus was Enterococcus at 22.3% (n = 326). Antimicrobial resistance against third-generation cephalosporins was 23% (n = 111/482) among Enterobacterales, while, the rate of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) was 18.5% (n = 60/324) among Enterococcus species and was increasing in the last years of the study. Antimicrobial resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii to carbapenems was 68.8% (n = 11/16), which was lower than the corresponding rate in other wards in Greece. The antimicrobial resistance rates noted herein raise questions regarding the appropriateness of currently suggested antimicrobials in guidelines and imply that a revision could be required. Practicing clinicians should always be aware of local microbiological data that allow the selection of appropriate antimicrobials for the management of infections. Finally, the increasing rates of VRE noted herein mandate further actions from the point of infection control and antimicrobial stewardship.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Six-Year Retrospective Study of Microbiological Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Specimens from a Tertiary Hospital’s Surgical Ward

et al. 2023

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“…Routine hospital-wide admission screening is not recommended. Selective screening for high-risk inpatient groups should be undertaken [2][3][4]. We know that VRE colonization generally precedes infection; however, VRE is di cult to detect when the patient is asymptomatic.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Enterococcus is a strain of Gram-positive, facultative anaerobic bacteria that can colonize humans and survive on environmental surfaces for a long time. Patient groups that are more susceptible to enterococcus colonization include the elderly with multiple co-morbidities, patients receiving systemic antibiotics, and those with epithelial or mucosal barrier defects [1][2][3][4]. Although previously recognized as a low-virulence pathogen, enterococcus has emerged as one of the important culprit pathogens among healthcare-associated infections (HAI) in recent years [3,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Patient groups that are more susceptible to enterococcus colonization include the elderly with multiple co-morbidities, patients receiving systemic antibiotics, and those with epithelial or mucosal barrier defects [1][2][3][4]. Although previously recognized as a low-virulence pathogen, enterococcus has emerged as one of the important culprit pathogens among healthcare-associated infections (HAI) in recent years [3,5]. VRE (known as Micrococcus zymogenes at that time) was rst reported as the cause of a patient's endocarditis in Europe, and this patient died 18 days later from complications of his illness [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fecal burden of enterococcus in hospitalized patients is a concern, as VRE often dominates the gut microbiome and tends to displace commensal anaerobes [3,4]. VRE can survive for several weeks in the ambient environment primarily because they are more resistant to stressful conditions than other microorganisms.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Factors affecting vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium colonization of in-hospital patients in different wards

Wang

Chung

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE) infection at a medical center in eastern Taiwan rose to 80.6%, exceeding the average prevalence of 55.6% among all medical centers nationwide during the same period. In recent years, the number of cases of VRE infection detected among hospitalized patients has increased annually. However, most of these patients in different wards are asymptomatic carriers. Therefore, restricting active screening to high-risk units will not improve the current situation, and it is necessary to review the risk factors for VRE colonization to provide a reference for future infection control policies. Between 2014 and 2019, there were 3,188 VRE-positive cultures reported at our institution, per the electronic medical records system (EMR). In the medical and surgical wards, patients who received penicillin (odds ratios: 2.84 and 4.16, respectively) and third-generation cephalosporins (odds ratios: 3.17 and 6.19, respectively) were at higher risk of VRE colonization. In intensive care units, the use of carbapenems (odds ratio: 2.08) was the most significant variable. This study demonstrated that the risk factors for VRE colonization differed between wards. Thus, policies should be established according to the attributes of patients in each ward, and active screening tests should be performed according to individual risks, instead of a policy for comprehensive mass screening.

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Antibiotic resistance profiling and valorization of food waste streams to starter culture biomass and exopolysaccharides through fed-batch fermentations

Yashwant

Rajendran

Krishnamoorthy

et al. 2022

Food Sci Biotechnol

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Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci

Cited by 33 publications

References 91 publications

A Six-Year Retrospective Study of Microbiological Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Specimens from a Tertiary Hospital’s Surgical Ward

A Six-Year Retrospective Study of Microbiological Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance in Specimens from a Tertiary Hospital’s Surgical Ward

Factors affecting vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium colonization of in-hospital patients in different wards

Antibiotic resistance profiling and valorization of food waste streams to starter culture biomass and exopolysaccharides through fed-batch fermentations

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