Vandetanib with docetaxel as second-line treatment for advanced breast cancer: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized Phase II study

Abstract

In patients with advanced breast cancer, vandetanib plus docetaxel was generally well tolerated. Clinical benefit was not different to that observed with placebo plus docetaxel. However, due to the small patient number it was not possible to yield robust results, further research is required to identify predictive factors for patient selection.

Vandetanib (ZD6474), a Dual Inhibitor of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor (VEGFR) and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Tyrosine Kinases: Current Status and Future Directions

“…In vivo studies demonstrated the ability of vandetanib to Abbreviations: EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; IC 50 , 50% inhibitory concentration; MAPK, mitogen-activated protein kinase; MEK, MAPK/extracellular signal-related kinase kinase; mTOR, mammalian target of rapamycin; PI3K, phosphatidylinositol 3Ј kinase; PKC, protein kinase C; VEGFR, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor.…”

Risk of venous thromboembolic events associated with VEGFR‐TKIs: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…1 Recently, overall survival benefits gained from small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) directed against the VEGF receptor (VEGFR) have been observed in several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) among variety of solid tumors. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] In addition, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved four VEGF TKIs, sunitinib (Sutent, Pfizer, New York, NY), sorafenib (Nexavar, Bayer Pharmaceuticals, West Haven, CT, and Onyx Pharmaceuticals, Richmond, CA), pazopanib (Votrient, GlaxoSmithKline, Middlesex, UK), and vandetanib (Caprelsa, AstraZeneca, London, UK), for use in cancer therapy. 11 As a result, the use of VEGFR-TKIs is expected to increase in the near future, and an appreciation for the differences in toxicity profiles between traditional cytotoxic agents and targeted agents is therefore urgently needed.…”

Targeting breast cancer through its microenvironment: Current status of preclinical and clinical research in finding relevant targets

“…Also other TKIs targeting VEGFR have been studied in clinical trials. Phase II trials in different settings with motesanib, pazopanib, axitinib, cediranib and vandetanib in breast cancer patients showed no clinical efficacy while toxicity was present in most of the studies Rugo et al, 2011;Boer et al, 2012;Hyams et al, 2013;Johnston et al, 2013). Two other phase I trials and one phase II trial with nintedanib, tivozanib and apatinib respectively showed partial response or pathological response up to 50% of the patients (Mayer et al, 2013;Hu et al, 2014;Quintela-Fandino et al, 2014).…”