Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Methanol-Toluene System.

Burke, D. E.; Williams, G.C.; Plank, Charles A.

doi:10.1021/je60021a018

Cited by 24 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Figure 5 shows the dependence of methanol concentration in the permeate on methanol concentration in the feed for the pervaporation of a methanol–toluene mixture at 20 °C using three types of films. To compare results of the pervaporation tests, Figure 5 shows also a vapor–liquid equilibrium curve for the methanol–toluene system at 760 mm Hg [ 51 ]. The run of the vapor–liquid equilibrium curve differs essentially from the permeate–feed concentration curves in the pervaporation of the methanol–toluene mixture.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aromatic Copolyamides with Anthrazoline Units in the Backbone: Synthesis, Characterization, Pervaporation Application

et al. 2016

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Copolyamides with anthrazoline units in the backbone (coPA) were synthesized and dense nonporous films were prepared by solvent evaporation. Glass transition temperature, density, and fractional free volume were determined for the dense nonporous films composed of polyamide and two of its copolymers containing 20 and 30 mol % anthrazoline units in the backbone. Transport properties of the polymer films were estimated by sorption and pervaporation tests toward methanol, toluene, and their mixtures. An increase in anthrazoline fragments content leads to an increasing degree of methanol sorption but to a decreasing degree of toluene sorption. Pervaporation of a methanol–toluene mixture was studied over a wide range of feed concentration (10–90 wt % methanol). Maximal separation factor was observed for coPA-20 containing 20 mol % fragments with anthrazoline units; maximal total flux was observed for coPA-30 with the highest fractional free volume.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aromatic Copolyamides with Anthrazoline Units in the Backbone: Synthesis, Characterization, Pervaporation Application

et al. 2016

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“…The com bustion characteristics of the m ethan o l/to lu en e m ixtures can be partially understood in light of th e fractional vaporization of the tw o fuel com ponents. A t atm ospheric pressure, m eth an o l/to lu en e v ap o u r-liq u id equilibrium d a ta exhibit a negative azeotrope a t a m ethanol mole fraction of 0.89 (Burke et al 1964), which corresponds to the 25% by volume toluene m ixture. Because of the neg ativ ity of th e azeotrope, the heating of any non-azeotropic m ixture during com bustion will ten d to push the droplet com position fu rth er aw ay from the azeotrope.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Soot formation during combustion of unsupported methanol/toluene mixture droplets in microgravity

Jackson

Avedisian

Yang

1991

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A

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An experimental study is reported concerning the influence of liquid composition on soot formation and burning rate of a droplet composed of a binary miscible mixture of liquids. The mixture components represented a highly sooting fuel, toluene, and a non-sooting fuel, methanol. The experimental observations were made in a microgravity environment to create near spherically symmetric burning of the droplets. Mixtures of 5%, 25% and 50% by volume toluene in methanol were burned in room temperature air. Initial droplet diameters ranged from 0.47 mm to 0.60 mm, and the available experimental time was sufficient to record the complete droplet burning history. Toluene concentration in methanol was shown to dramatically influence flame luminosity and soot production. However, neither burning rates nor propensity for flame extinction appeared to be significantly affected by toluene mixture fractions. 5% toluene mixture droplets behaved like pure methanol droplets in terms of burning rate, lack of flame luminosity, and extinction. Increasing the toluene concentration in the droplets to 25% increased flame luminosity, yet no visible soot agglomerates were observed. The 50% mixture droplets, however, burned with highly luminous flames and large amounts of soot agglomerates collecting inside the flame. None the less, all the mixture droplets showed similar burning rates to those of pure methanol and likewise exhibited flame extinction before complete droplet vaporization.

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“…Alcohol-aromatic mixtures such as a toluene-methanol system are commonly used in the petrochemical and pharmaceutical industries. This system forms an azeotropic with 32 wt% toluene at a constant pressure of 101.3 kPa [27]. Over the past two decades, the separation of such a mixture has attracted the particular attention of researchers in different fields due to the importance of the components in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries [28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poly(styrene-co-butadiene)/Maghnia-Organo-Montmorillonite Clay Nanocomposite. Preparation, Properties and Application as Membrane in the Separation of Methanol/Toluene Azeotropic Mixture by Pervaporation

et al. 2021

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In order to improve the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(styrene-co-butadiene) (SBR) to use it as a pervaporation membrane in the separation of the azeotropic mixture toluene/methanol, poly(styrene-co-butadiene) crosslinked Maghnia-organo-montmonrillonite (CSBR/OMMT), a nanocomposite of different compositions was first prepared by a solvent casting method. SBR was crosslinked in situ in the presence of OMMT nanoparticles by an efficient vulcanization technique using sulfur as a crosslinking agent and zinc diethyldithiocarbamate as a catalyst. The structure and morphology of the hybrid materials obtained were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and scanning electron microscope analysis. The thermal properties of these hybrid materials were studied by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis/thermal differential analysis. The mechanical properties were studied by strength measurements. The results obtained occurred when the OMMT was incorporated in the CSBR matrix; a significant increase in the glass transition temperature of the SBR was observed which passed from −27 °C for virgin SBR to −21.5 °C for that containing 12 wt% of OMMT. The addition of OMMT nanoparticles to CSBR also improved the mechanical properties of this copolymer. When the OMMT content in the CSBR varied from 0 to 15% by weight, the tensile strength, the elongation at the nose and the modulus at 100% elongation increased from 3.45 to 6.25 MPa, from 162, 17 to 347.20% and 1.75 to 3.0 MPa, respectively. The results of pervaporation revealed that when the OMMT content varied between 3% and 12%, a significant increase in the total flux, the separation factor and the separation index by pervaporation increased from 260.67 to g m−2 h−1, 0.31 to 1.43, and 0.47 to 113.81 g m−2 h−1, respectively.

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Vapor-Liquid Equilibria for the Methanol-Toluene System.

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Aromatic Copolyamides with Anthrazoline Units in the Backbone: Synthesis, Characterization, Pervaporation Application

Aromatic Copolyamides with Anthrazoline Units in the Backbone: Synthesis, Characterization, Pervaporation Application

Soot formation during combustion of unsupported methanol/toluene mixture droplets in microgravity

Poly(styrene-co-butadiene)/Maghnia-Organo-Montmorillonite Clay Nanocomposite. Preparation, Properties and Application as Membrane in the Separation of Methanol/Toluene Azeotropic Mixture by Pervaporation

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