Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium of Binary Mixtures. 2. Ethanol + 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, 1-Butanol + 2,2,4-Trimethylpentane, and Ethanol + o-Xylene

Abstract

The activity coefficients of the binary mixtures ethanol + 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, 1-butanol + 2,2,4trimethylpentane, and ethanol + o-xylene were determined at temperatures of (308.15, 313.15, and 318.15) K. The determination of the vapor phase composition at equilibrium was carried out using headspace gas chromatography analysis. Multiple headspace extraction was used to calibrate the headspace gas chromatograph. Comparison of the experimental phase diagrams with phase diagrams from the literature shows good agreement. The composition of the azeotropes are reported, where they exist. The molar Gibbs energy of mixing is reported for all mixtures studied. The infinite dilution activity coefficients are reported for all components of all mixtures. Some thermodynamic models (those of Wilson, NRTL, UNIQUAC, and Flory-Scatchard) have been compared with regard to their suitability for modeling the experimental data.

Vapor−Liquid Equilibrium of Binary Mixtures. 1. Ethanol + 1-Butanol, Ethanol + Octane, 1-Butanol + Octane

“…Calculation of the infinite dilution values of the activity coefficient are reported in the accompanying paper. 16…”

“…Table 1 contains a summary of the calibration factors, where for convenience the factors for components appearing in the accompanying paper 16 are listed. The standard deviations are small indicating the low degree of uncertainty associated with this type of measurement.…”

“…More details of the functions used and the smoothing procedures are contained in the Phase Diagrams section of this paper and the Verification Tests section of the accompanying paper. 16 The details of the point test and the point test consistency parameter are also given in ref 16.…”