Vapor Phase Polymerization of Pyrrole and Thiophene Using Iron(III) Sulfonates as Oxidizing Agents

Winther‐Jensen, Bjorn; Chen, Jun; West, Keld; Wallace, Gordon G.

doi:10.1021/ma049365k

Cited by 182 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…13,14 Ferric p-toluenesulfonate ͓Fe͑III͒ tosylate͔ ͑20 wt %͒ was coated onto poly͑ethylene terephthalate͒ ͑PET͒ foils from a butanol solution. When the coating was almost dry, but before the Fe͑III͒ sulfonate formed crystals, the samples were put into an oven between 50 and 90°C.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 This biomoleculeconducting polymer composite film displayed an amperometric response to hydrogen peroxide, demonstrating promise as a biosensor material.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…13,14 This procedure obviates the need for covalent attachment of biomolecules and specific charges on either the biomolecule or polymer surface. The maximum possible size of molecules that can be loaded into a conjugated host polymer by this method is yet to be determined, but poly͑ethylene glycol͒ ͑PEG, Mw 600͒ has been incorporated without difficulty.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Simple Means to Immobilize Enzyme into Conducting Polymers via Entrapment

Winther‐Jensen

Lynam

Ngamna

et al. 2006

Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…13,14 This biomoleculeconducting polymer composite film displayed an amperometric response to hydrogen peroxide, demonstrating promise as a biosensor material.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Simple Means to Immobilize Enzyme into Conducting Polymers via Entrapment

Winther‐Jensen

Lynam

Ngamna

et al. 2006

Electrochem. Solid-State Lett.

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“…20 The typical oxidants used in the VPP of PEDOT are iron(III)-based halides 19 or salts such as ferric p-toluenesulfonate (FTS). [22][23][24] Contemporary research on PEDOT thin films has predominantly focused on testing various additives in the FTS solution to improve the electrical conductivity of the conductive films. Winther-Jensen and West demonstrated the use of the FTS oxidant with pyridine as a weak base inhibitor during VPP to strengthen the electrical conductivity of PEDOT films.…”

Section: 폴리머 제39권 제3호 2015년mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Imidazole and Surfactant on the Opto-Electrical Properties of PEDOT Thin Films via Vapor Phase Polymerization

Khadka¹,

Yim²

2015

Polymer Korea

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This paper reports the combined effects of the triblock copolymer surfactant poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(propylene glycol)-poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-PPG-PEG) and imidazole on the opto-electrical and mechanical properties of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT)-based thin films prepared via vapor phase polymerization (VPP) using ferric p-toluenesulfonate as a catalyst. Various PEDOT-based thin films were synthesized using PEG-PPG-PEG and imidazole alone and in combination to compare and correlate their effects on film properties. The improved conductivity of the PEDOT films was higher than 1300 S·cm -1 when the surfactant and imidazole were used together. The PEG-PPG-PEG chain length was also varied to identify the best conditions for the VPP-based preparation of PEDOT thin films.

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“…The Fe(III) tosylate coated ACNT array was placed directly into an oven at 80°C for 3 min to quickly evaporate the ethanol, thereby forming a good quality continuous Fe(III) tosylate film. The sample was then exposed to 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (EDOT) monomer vapour in the vapour phase polymerization (VPP) chamber at 60°C [16]. After 30 min, the sample was removed from the chamber and a blue film was visible on the quartz plate indicating the formation of PEDOT.…”

Section: Supporting Informationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible, Aligned Carbon Nanotube/Conducting Polymer Electrodes for a Lithium-Ion Battery

et al. 2007

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) present a new material for the construction of electrodes. The large scale production of aligned carbon nanotube (ACNT) arrays was first reported by Dai and co-workers [1], providing an opportunity to develop highly ordered, high surface area electrodes with excellent electronic and mechanical properties. While the latter two attributes are realized in the vertical direction, there is a need to develop simple methods of making ACNT composites that are mechanically robust and with sufficient conductivity in the horizontal direction. Such interconnects would give rise to a practically useful electrode structure for use in applications such as energy storage [2], actuators [3] and sensors [4].Aligned CNT growth, while producing innovative structures, suffers from a lack of good electrical connectivity between the aligned tubes. Growth on conducting substrates which would provide this electrical connection has met with limited success; recently direct growth on metal alloys [5] has been reported. Depositing metals selectively on top of CNT arrays to achieve this electrical connection [6] is fraught with difficulties. To realize the potential of these arrays in applications such as flexible displays, their removal from the substrate used for growth is necessary. Invariably, removal of the CNT array from surfaces results in damage, including breakdown of any metal coated on top to achieve an electrical connection. To address this issue of lack of robust electrical connection between nanotubes in an array, we present here an approach for preparing a nanostructured ACNT/conducting polymer composite. Organic conducting polymers have proven to be useful in the development of polymer-based composites [7][8][9]. In the novel nanostructure created here, the CNT's are held together by a conducting polymer composite layer. The nanotubes remain vertically oriented and protrude from the conducting polymer layer (90 % of the tube length is exposed). The electrochemistry of the nanostructured electrodes produced and their use as the anode material in Li-ion batteries are presented.In this study, poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) was utilised as the conducting polymer due to the excellent electrochemical activity and electronic conductivity attainable with this material. A thin PEDOT film was deposited onto the ACNT array by chemical vapour phase polymerization (CVP). The procedure used to form the nanostructured electrode from a quartz plate is summarized in Scheme 1. Aligned multi-wall carbon nanotubes were produced by pyrolysis of iron(II) phthalocyanine as described by Dai [1,10]. Following production of the aligned CNTs on a quartz plate, a thin PEDOT film (100 nm thickness across the entire film) was deposited onto ACNT arrays by CVP using ferric p-toluenesulfonate (Fe(III) tosylate) as oxidant. The SEM image of this ACNT/PEDOT composite film (insert (a) in Scheme 1) indicates that the PEDOT deposited by VPP formed a continuous film on the top of the ACNT array. It was found that the PEDOT film ...

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Vapor Phase Polymerization of Pyrrole and Thiophene Using Iron(III) Sulfonates as Oxidizing Agents

Cited by 182 publications

References 12 publications

A Simple Means to Immobilize Enzyme into Conducting Polymers via Entrapment

A Simple Means to Immobilize Enzyme into Conducting Polymers via Entrapment

Effect of Imidazole and Surfactant on the Opto-Electrical Properties of PEDOT Thin Films via Vapor Phase Polymerization

Flexible, Aligned Carbon Nanotube/Conducting Polymer Electrodes for a Lithium-Ion Battery

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