Vaporization and ionization interferences in a miniature inductively coupled plasma

Savage, Richard N.; Hieftje, Gary M.

doi:10.1021/ac50058a026

Cited by 74 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…As in the case of ICP sources, it would be expected that higher carrier gas flow rates would decrease residence times. 27,28 An additional consideration that is not explicitly addressed here is the fact that there is an opposing gas flow to the particle carrier gas, the sheath–cooling gas from the liquid electrode, which would contribute to the overall gas dynamics and microplasma residence times.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Sampling–Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge as a Secondary Excitation Source for Laser Ablation-Generated Aerosols: Parametric Dependence and Robustness to Particle Loading

et al. 2015

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Liquid sampling-atmospheric pressure glow discharge (LS-APGD) microplasma is being developed as a secondary vaporization-excitation source for the optical emission analysis of laser ablation (LA)-generated particle populations. The practicalities of this coupling are evaluated by determining the influence of source parameters on the emission response and the plasma's robustness upon LA introduction of easily ionized elements (EIEs). The influence of discharge current (45-70 mA), LA carrier gas flow rate (0.1-0.8 L min(-1)), and electrode separation distance (0.5-3.5 mm) was studied by measuring Cu emission lines after ablation of a brass sample. Best emission responses were observed for high-discharge currents, low He carrier gas flow rates, and relatively small (<1.5 mm) electrode gaps. Plasma robustness and spectroscopic matrix effects were studied by monitoring Mg(II) : Mg(I) intensity ratios and N2-derived plasma rotational temperatures after the ablation of Sr- and Ca-containing pellets. Plasma robustness investigations showed that the plasma is not appreciably affected by the particle loadings, with the microplasma being slightly more ionizing in the case of Ca introduction. In neither case did the concentration of the concomitant element change the robustness values, implying a high level of robustness. Introduction of the LA particles results in slight increases in the rotational temperatures (∼10% relative), with Ca-containing particles having a greater effect than Sr-containing particles. The observed variation of 9% in the plasma rotational temperature is in the same order of magnitude as the short-term reproducibility determined by the proposed LA-LS-APGD system. The determined rotational temperatures ranged from 1047 to 1212 K upon introducing various amounts of Ca and Sr. The relative immunity to LA particle-induced matrix effects is attributed to the relatively long residence times and high power densities (>10 W mm(-3)) of the LS-APGD microplasma.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Sampling–Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge as a Secondary Excitation Source for Laser Ablation-Generated Aerosols: Parametric Dependence and Robustness to Particle Loading

et al. 2015

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“…62,98 The IRZ is the plasma region where the elemental matrix effect is strongest and must be avoided in analytical measurements. 3,12,59,62,93,94,99,100 In many cases, the variation of the matrix effect with the rf power and gas flow rate can be explained by a shift of the IRZ, because an increase in Q g and a decrease in rf power move the IRZ up. This could explain why some published reports are contradictory.…”

Section: Effect Of the Plasma Observation Zonementioning

confidence: 99%

Elemental matrix effects in ICP-AES

Todolı́

Gras

Hernandis

et al. 2002

J. Anal. At. Spectrom.

187

134

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“…A particularly attractive group of ICP-OES sources for potential use in ICP-MS are those supported by alternative plasma torches [85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92]. Especially smaller (13-mm [85-90] and 9-mm [85,86,91]) torches have been found to offer compara-ble analytical utility but with reduced power and argon requirements.…”

Section: Alternative Plasma Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fundamental and applied investigations in plasma-source mass spectrometry for elemental analysis

1991

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Vaporization and ionization interferences in a miniature inductively coupled plasma

Cited by 74 publications

References 24 publications

Liquid Sampling–Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge as a Secondary Excitation Source for Laser Ablation-Generated Aerosols: Parametric Dependence and Robustness to Particle Loading

Liquid Sampling–Atmospheric Pressure Glow Discharge as a Secondary Excitation Source for Laser Ablation-Generated Aerosols: Parametric Dependence and Robustness to Particle Loading

Elemental matrix effects in ICP-AES

Fundamental and applied investigations in plasma-source mass spectrometry for elemental analysis

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