Variabilidade Populacional Na Produção De Óleo, Lipídios Totais Na Amêndoa E Polpa De Tucumã Coletados No Estado Do Acre

Abstract

Na Amazônia são encontradas espécies cujos frutos apresentam quantidade de óleo com valor econômico para diferentes aplicações industriais. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o potencial de produção de óleo do tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) para a produção de biodiesel em diferentes áreas do Estado do Acre. As variáveis avaliadas para a caracterização foram: produção, quantidade de polpa (epicarpo+mesocarpo), castanha (endocarpo), amêndoas (semente do interior do endocarpo), teores de lipídios totais na amêndoa e na polpa e os atributos químicos do solo. O teor de lipídios na amêndoa foi de 21,9%, enquanto na polpa foi de 31,9%. Apesar da diversidade genética, o tucumã é uma espécie que possui boa produtividade em óleo, mesmo em solos ácidos e com baixa fertilidade, apresentando potencial para ser utilizado como uma fonte adicional de renda pelas comunidades amazonidas.Palavras-chave: biocombustivel, Amazônia, fertilidade do solo, diversidade genética Population variability in production of oil, total lipids in kernel and pulp of tucumã (Astrocaryum aculeatum) collected in the Acre State, Brazil. In the Amazon region species are found whose fruits have quantities of oil with economic value for various industrial applications. This study had the objective to evaluate the potential of oils extracted from tucumã palm fruit (Astrocaryum aculeatum) found in different areas of the Acre State. The yield, amount of pulp (mesocarp + epicarp), seed (endocarp), kernel (seed inside the endocarp), total lipid (almond and the pulp), and chemical soil properties were evaluated. The content of lipids in kernel was 21.9%, while the pulp was 31.9%. Despite the genetic diversity, the tucumã palm fruit is a species that has good bio-oil yield, even in acid soils with low fertility, with potential to be used as an additional source of income for communities in the Amazon region.

Characterization of Amount and Quality of Tucuman Kernel Oil as a Potential Biomass

“…The Amazonian tucuman kernel samples from eight sites of Amazonas State presented moisture from 1.2 to 4 g/100 g and oil content from 28 to 45 g/100 g (dry basis) (Table 2), whereas kernel oil content of 22 samples from Acre State (Brazil) was reported by Zaninetti et al (2016) as varying from 21 to 23%.…”

“…Amazonian tucuman fruits are drupes about 5 cm in diameter consisting of a thin, yellowish‐green epicarp (rind), and an orange‐yellow oily mesocarp (pulp) with firm, soft fleshy consistency, comprising approximately 20% of fruit weight, which includes the pyrene (stone), a structure formed by a woody endocarp covering the kernel (FAO, 1987). The kernel can be used for domestic animal feed (Régis da Costa et al, 2005) and contains a high yield of lauric oil (22–50%) (Pesce, 1941; Zaninetti et al, 2016), which is feasible for food consumption, the production of cosmetics such as soap (Arkcoll, 1988) and biodiesel (Barbosa et al, 2009). The kernel and endocarp have been evaluated as biomass for briquettes (Cavalcanti et al, 2010).…”

Emerging Lipids from Arecaceae Palm Fruits in Brazil

“…Depending on their locations, different physical characteristics and chemical compositions of tucumã-do-Amazonas are reported [81]. The seeds collected in the Amazonas state provided a higher yield in oil for TAK than that found in the Acre state (28-45 and 21-23%, respectively) [131]. Mechanical cold press could be a feasible option for extracting oil from TAK.…”