Variability in Anthocyanins, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in the Tassels of Collected Waxy Corn Germplasm

Duangpapeng, Prakasit; Lertrat, Kamol; Lomthaisong, Khomsorn; Scott, M. Paul; Suriharn, Bhalang

doi:10.3390/agronomy9030158

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Accordingly, in one study with waxy corn a signifi cant (r = 0.70) correlation was reported between TAC (total anthocyanin content) and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay and a moderate correlation between TPC (total phenolic content), DPPH, and TEAC (Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity) (r = 0.60 and r = 0.76, respectively). These results confi rm that the antioxidant capacity of anthocyanins depends largely on the type and amount of cyanidin glucosides and not only on the quantity of total polyphenols of the maize kernel [Duangpapeng et al, 2019]. On the other hand, in blue maize, the anthocyanin profi le showed primarily acylated cyanidins and pro-anthocyanidins in raw and nixtamalized extracts.…”

Section: Antioxidant Capacity Of Anthocyaninssupporting

confidence: 59%

Pigmented Maize (Zea mays L.) Contains Anthocyanins with Potential Therapeutic Action Against Oxidative Stress - A Review

Magaña-Cerino¹,

Peniche-Pavía²,

Tiessen³

et al. 2019

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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Different maize (Zea mays L.) varieties have been used for thousands of years as a healthy food source in Mesoamerica including pigmented maize. Maize ingestion could contribute to the reduction in the rate of non-communicable diseases and, in turn, to its function as an adjuvant in their management. These diseases are mainly associated with oxidative stress, which is characterized by a redox cell imbalance produced due to pro-oxidant molecules accumulation, inducing irreversible damages. Although the endogenous antioxidant defense system is effi cient, exogenous antioxidants are necessary to help to prevent this damage. Bioactive compounds, like anthocyanins, contained in dietary plants exert a major activity against oxidative stress. Could the maize anthocyanins play a curative, preventive or complementary role in the treatment of chronic diseases? Here, we describe the occurrence of anthocyanins from pigmented maize and their chemical structures. Furthermore, the biosynthesis, bioavailability, and stability are also summarized. Finally, many in vitro and in vivo studies of maize anthocyanins are discussed that demonstrated their nutraceutical potential, antioxidant capacity, and other biological effects. Given the importance of the biological properties of maize anthocyanins, it is necessary to understand the current knowledge and propose further research or clinical studies which allows us to better elucidate the biological mechanism of maize anthocyanins derivatives of several varieties and processes of cooking and combination with other ingredients to enhance their nutritional and health benefi ts.

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Section: Antioxidant Capacity Of Anthocyaninssupporting

confidence: 59%

Pigmented Maize (Zea mays L.) Contains Anthocyanins with Potential Therapeutic Action Against Oxidative Stress - A Review

Magaña-Cerino¹,

Peniche-Pavía²,

Tiessen³

et al. 2019

Pol. J. Food Nutr. Sci.

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“…The use of six nutraceutical lipid compounds therefore turned out to be appropriate for clustering rice germplasm. As germplasm characterization can support the conservation of crop genetic resources, crop protection, classification of the genotypes into heterotic groups, and crop improvement [31,33,34], the information from our study should be of use to rice breeders wishing to select parental lines that yield improved novel varieties. However, further germplasm characterization using molecular approaches will be necessary to establish whether this results from gene introgression.…”

Section: Multivariate Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Variability in Nutraceutical Lipid Content of Selected Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) Germplasms

et al. 2019

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) contains many high-value nutritional compounds, including nutraceutical lipid compounds that offer health benefits. An understanding of the genetic variability in the lipid contents of different rice germplasms is necessary to support breeding programs. The goals of this study were: i) to investigate varietal differences in levels of the nutraceutical lipid α-tocopherol, γ-oryzanol, campesterol, β-sitosterol, octacosanol, and squalene and ii) to identify clusters of rice germplasms based on their lipid contents. Eighty-three indica rice subspecies were evaluated using a randomized complete block design with three replications. Research was conducted in Thailand during the 2016 rice-growing season. Significant differences were found among genotypes across all traits. The largest variation was found for β-sitosterol, followed by campesterol, octacosanol, and α-tocopherol. Variation in squalene content was small. Four principal components were found that accounted for 93.47% of overall variability. β-sitosterol, campesterol, and squalene were the principal discriminatory constituents. No significant correlation was found between color parameters and levels of these compounds, suggesting that former are of little use as an indirect marker for selection of fat-soluble nutraceuticals. Cluster analysis sorted the germplasm into nine clusters, based on their nutraceutical lipid content. TU-010, TU-027, TU-093, and TU-244 genotypes had the highest levels, making them a potentially useful genetic resource in breeding programs for nutraceutically-improved rice. The findings of this study can support the introduction of novel rice varieties with high added-value bioactive properties.world might be associated with the high-value antioxidants that rice contains [3]. However, as dietary patterns have become more Western-oriented, consumption of rice has been decreasing. Policies that increase rice consumption can contribute to solving the economic problems of rural communities. One approach is the development of novel rice varieties with improved nutritional and bioactive properties [4].Rice (Oryza sativa L.) contains more than a hundred bioactive compounds, including phytic acid, isovitexin, flavonoids, phenolics, polyphenols, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanins, and previously unknown compounds have been characterized and quantified in the rice germplasm [5][6][7][8]. Rice also has a high level of nutraceutical lipid compounds, such as tocopherol, tocotrienol, phytosterols, γ-oryzanol, octacosanol, and squalene, which are known to be powerful antioxidants [9,10]. These are potential inhibitors of cholesterol oxidation, have been shown to reduce serum cholesterol levels in animals, and are effective in treating anxiety neurosis, menopausal disorders, inflammatory diseases, and in inhibiting tumor growth [11][12][13]. These bioactive lipid compounds are concentrated in the rice germ or bran and are lost during milling or polishing [14]. Most consumers also prefer the palatability of milled or white rice, wh...

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“…Flavonoids are a significant category of phenolics that play a key role in functional extracts [ 29 , 30 ]. Corn tassels are a valuable by-product and a valuable source of bioactive phytochemicals [ 31 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenolic Profiling and In-Vitro Bioactivities of Corn (Zea mays L.) Tassel Extracts by Combining Enzyme-Assisted Extraction

Elsayed

Marrez

Ali

et al. 2022

Foods

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In this work, enzyme-assisted extraction (EAE) of phenolic compounds from corn tassel using cellulase, protease, and their combination (1:1) was developed and optimized by central composite response surface methodology. The phenolic profile of obtained corn tassel extracts (CTE) was elucidated by high-performance liquid chromatography–diode array detection (HPLC–DAD) analysis, and their antioxidative, antimicrobial, and cytotoxic properties were evaluated in vitro. The results showed that CTE by EAE with combined enzymes had the highest total phenolic content (TPC). Under optimum enzymatic conditions, the experimental TPC values were 9.78, 8.45, and 10.70 mg/g, respectively, which were significantly higher than that of the non-enzymatic control (6.75 mg/g) (p < 0.05). Fourteen more phenolic compounds (13.80–1694.36 µg/g) were identified in CTE by EAE with the combined enzymes, and thus the antioxidant activity of that extract, determined by DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging method, was demonstrated to be stronger than that of the extracts by EAE with the single and ethanol extraction. Furthermore, this extract also showed remarkably better antimicrobial properties against all tested food-borne pathogenic bacteria and mycotoxigenic fungi than CTE by other extraction methods. CTE by EAE were nontoxic to normal lung fibroblast cell line (Wi-38) but cytotoxic to human colorectal and lung cancer cell lines (Caco-2 and A549), with IC50 values of 392.62–461.98 and 210.66–359.56 µg/mL, respectively, which indicated its potential anticancer properties. In conclusion, CTE by EAE, especially with the combined use of cellulase and protease, seems to hold promising potential for multifunctional application in food and pharma fields.

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Variability in Anthocyanins, Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in the Tassels of Collected Waxy Corn Germplasm

Cited by 10 publications

References 38 publications

Pigmented Maize (Zea mays L.) Contains Anthocyanins with Potential Therapeutic Action Against Oxidative Stress - A Review

Pigmented Maize (Zea mays L.) Contains Anthocyanins with Potential Therapeutic Action Against Oxidative Stress - A Review

Variability in Nutraceutical Lipid Content of Selected Rice (Oryza sativa L. spp. indica) Germplasms

Phenolic Profiling and In-Vitro Bioactivities of Corn (Zea mays L.) Tassel Extracts by Combining Enzyme-Assisted Extraction

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