Variability in COVID-19 In-Hospital Mortality Rates between National Health Service Trusts and Regions in England: A National Observational Study for the Getting It Right First Time Programme

Critical care outcomes from COVID‐19: patients, interventions, healthcare systems and the need for core datasets

“…As not all patients included in the meta‐analysis required invasive mechanical ventilation, it is uncertain whether the identified risk factors apply equally to patients who: underwent invasive ventilation without ever receiving non‐invasive respiratory support; received invasive ventilation after failed non‐invasive respiratory support; and who improved and did not undergo mechanical ventilation. Finally, heterogeneity in centre effect (including case volume) is a very important consideration given that even within the UK the hazard ratio of death varies widely among different centres and this variation is greater than the effects that can be attributed to a specific therapeutic intervention [25].…”