Variability in pteropod sedimentation and corresponding aragonite flux at the Arctic deep-sea long-term observatory HAUSGARTEN in the eastern Fram Strait from 2000 to 2009

Bauerfeind, Eduard; Nöthig, Eva‐Maria; Pauls, Bendiks; Kraft, Angelina; Beszczynska-Möller, Agnieszka

doi:10.1016/j.jmarsys.2013.12.006

Cited by 40 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Accordingly, we have already observed a decrease in polar species and an increase in boreal species in the swimmer fraction of sediment trap samples from Fram Strait (Kraft et al 2011;Kraft et al 2012;Kraft et al 2013;Bauerfeind et al 2014). However, in summer 2011 the observed mesozooplankton community structure*with a pronounced numerical dominance of copepods*was in accordance with results reported from earlier investigations (e.g., Richter 1995;Hop et al 2006;Blachowiak-Samolyk et al 2007), although detailed studies of changing zooplankton communities are rare.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Summertime plankton ecology in Fram Strait—a compilation of long- and short-term observations

et al. 2015

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Summertime plankton ecology in Fram Strait—a compilation of long- and short-term observations

et al. 2015

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“…Interestingly, time-series sediment data in the eastern Fram Strait (west of Svalbard) showed that warming events resulted in a change of pteropod species from a prevalence of cold-water (Arctic)-associated L. helicina to the warm-water (Atlantic)-favoring L. retroversa (Bauerfeind et al 2014). Limacina retroversa is probably introduced to Kongsfjorden with the AW and is not autochthonous (e.g., Hop et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the view of the global carbon budget, the main importance of the pteropods and their aragonite shells is through the transfer of inorganic carbon into the deep ocean (Tréguer et al 2013;Bauerfeind et al 2014) and organic carbon export as sinking particles and fecal pellets (Accornero et al 2003;Manno et al 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late winter-to-summer change in ocean acidification state in Kongsfjorden, with implications for calcifying organisms

et al. 2016

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Late winter-to-summer changes (April to July) in ocean acidification state, calcium carbonate (CaCO 3 ) saturation for aragonite (X a ) and calcite (X c ) and biogeochemical properties were investigated in 2013 and 2014 in Kongsfjorden, Svalbard. We investigated physical (salinity, temperature) and chemical (carbonate system, nutrient) properties in the water column from the glacier front in the fjord to the west Spitsbergen shelf. The average range of X a in the upper 50 m in the fjord in winter was 1.59-1.74 and in summer 1.65-2.66. The lowest X a (1.5) was close to the reported critical threshold for aragonite-forming organisms such as the pteropod Limacina helicina. In summer 2013, X a , pH T and salinity were generally lower than in 2014 as a result of a larger influence of high-CO 2 water from the coastal current and less Atlantic water. The inner fjord was influenced by glacial water in summer which decreased X a by 0.7. Biological CO 2 consumption based on a winter-to summer decrease in nitrate was larger in 2014 than in 2013, suggesting more primary production in 2014. The influence of freshwater decreased X a by the same amount as the biological effect increased X a . The seasonal increase in temperature only played a minor role on the increase of X a . The biological effect showed more inter-annual variability than the effect of freshwater. Based on this study, we suggest that changes in the inflow of different water masses and freshwater directly influence ocean acidification state, but also indirectly affect the biological drivers of carbonate chemistry in the fjord.

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“…Both measures can be considered to be proxies for abundance of pteropods in PFZ waters. The PFZ values were much lower than the pteropod flux reported from SAZ traps: 0.17-4.99 mg m -2 day -1 ) and for Arctic pteropods: 12-120 shells m -2 (Lischka and Riebesell 2012) and \20 to *870 specimens m -2 day -1 (Bauerfeind et al 2014), but there was no significant change in total pteropod mass flux or shell flux in the region from 1997 to 2007. Van der Spoel and Dadon's (1999) hypothesis that antarctic and subantarctic pteropods show different generation modes and seasonal differences in growth rates (with antarctic pteropods producing one generation per year and subantarctic pteropods reproducing twice per year) were confirmed herein by the marked difference in seasonally distributed shell weight between the morphotypes of LHA and LRA (Fig 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 64%

“…These will be of most value if supported by targeted taxon-specific laboratory research on polar pteropod reproduction, physiology, thermal tolerance, shell structure, growth and survival in high CO 2 waters. As a consequence, we echo the call by Fabry et al (2009) for urgent and increased efforts in ocean acidity research and long-term monitoring in polar and subpolar seas and Bauerfeind et al (2014) for urgently needed long-term studies on the occurrence of pteropods for establishing the baseline against which projected changes can be assessed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Diverse trends in shell weight of three Southern Ocean pteropod taxa collected with Polar Frontal Zone sediment traps from 1997 to 2007

et al. 2014

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The impact of ocean acidification on key ocean calcifiers is predicted to be imminent, particularly in highlatitude ecosystems. Long-term field observations are essential to ground truth predictions of change in regional ecosystems. Here, we report on aragonitic pteropods collected to sediment traps at 800 m depth at 54°S, 140°E in the Polar Frontal Zone (PFZ) of the Southern Ocean from 1997 to 2007. Statistically significant trends were not identified in either mass or number flux from 1997 to 2007; however, differences emerged in decadal trends seen in shell weight for each of the three common taxa collected: Limacina helicina antarctica forma antarctica shells became significantly lighter (P \ 0.05), L. retroversa australis shells became significantly heavier (P \ 0.05) and L. helicina antarctica forma rangi shells did not change significantly. These results suggest that factors other than ocean acidification affect pteropod population variations on decadal timescales, with the potential to either amplify or counter the impact of decreasing aragonite saturation state, at least in the short term. Comparison to sea surface temperature and chlorophyll biomass did not identify these as significant drivers of the observed changes, and attribution across these multiple variables requires better understanding of pteropod physiology and ecology. Our PFZ pelagic pteropod observations provide a reference for evaluation of southern polar pteropod responses to changing ocean conditions in coming decades. Importantly, these data also raise the issue of taxonomic care when monitoring the region for impacts of ocean acidification on calcifiers.

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Variability in pteropod sedimentation and corresponding aragonite flux at the Arctic deep-sea long-term observatory HAUSGARTEN in the eastern Fram Strait from 2000 to 2009

Cited by 40 publications

References 57 publications

Summertime plankton ecology in Fram Strait—a compilation of long- and short-term observations

Summertime plankton ecology in Fram Strait—a compilation of long- and short-term observations

Late winter-to-summer change in ocean acidification state in Kongsfjorden, with implications for calcifying organisms

Diverse trends in shell weight of three Southern Ocean pteropod taxa collected with Polar Frontal Zone sediment traps from 1997 to 2007

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