Variability in sexual reproduction of <i>Phytophthora cinnamomi</i> Rands

Chee, K. H.; Newhook, F. J.

doi:10.1080/00288233.1965.10423729

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The original isolates had been passaged through Granny Smith apples prior to commencing the experiments, but this may not be as reinvigorating as natural infection of a host. There was no association between growth rates and geographic origin of the isolates, which is in line with the findings of Chee and Newhook (1965). Unlike the radial growth on agar, no sporangia production and zoospore release were observed outside temperature range 10-30°C prior to "training."…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Phytophthora cinnamomi exhibits phenotypic plasticity in response to cold temperatures

2020

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Phytophthora cinnamomi has recently been found in highly diverse and fragile alpine and sub-alpine environments previously considered P. cinnamomi and disease free due to low temperatures. In the laboratory, we investigated the ability of P. cinnamomi isolates to adapt to cold and cause disease under conditions comparable to alpine and sub-alpine environments. Initially, the ability of P. cinnamomi isolates to produce sporangia at 10°C (2°C lower than previously reported in the literature) was demonstrated in vitro. The lowest temperature limit for host infection was determined (i.e., 8°C) and the phenotypic plasticity of isolates was then explored in planta in two successive phenotypic plasticity experiments comparing cold 9, 7.5°C, and ambient temperature 25 (±5°C). In the phenotypic plasticity experiment-1, three of the five isolates recovered from plants grown at 9°C produced sporangia and released zoospores (infective propagules) at 7.5°C, even lower than determined initially, i.e., 10°C. No changes were observed in the same set of isolates recovered from plants grown at ambient temperature in the glasshouse as a control, which shows that P. cinnamomi can exhibit phenotypic plasticity and responds rapidly to selection pressure and adapts to new environments. Although P. cinnamomi isolates could produce infective propagules at 7.5°C in vitro, they could not be recovered from inoculated plants grown at 7.5°C after 3 months in phenotypic plasticity experiment-2. More work is, therefore, needed to establish disease development by P. cinnamomi at 7.5°C and below.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 85%

Phytophthora cinnamomi exhibits phenotypic plasticity in response to cold temperatures

2020

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“…Since then there have been numerous reports on pathogenicity, macro-morphological (colony type * Corresponding author. and growth rate) and micro-morphological (sporangial, gametangial and chlamydospores) variation among worldwide (Galindo & Zentmyer 1964, Zentmyer et al 1976, Zentmyer 1980, national (Haasis, Nelson & Marx 1964, Chee & Newhook 1965, Dudzinski, Old & Gibbs 1993 and regional (Shepherd, Pratt & Taylor 1974) collections of isolates. Some of the studies with P. cinnamomi indicated the existence of host specialisation in pathogenicity (Zentmyer 1980, Zentmyer & Guillemet 1981.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phenotypic variation in a clonal lineage of two Phytophthora cinnamomi populations from Western Australia

Hüberli

Tommerup

Dobrowolski

et al. 2001

Mycological Research

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Seventy-three isolates of Phytophthora cinnamomi were collected from diseased Eucalyptus marginata (jarrah) and Corymbia calophylla (marri) trees in two forest communities in the southwest of Western Australia. Both populations of P. cinnamomi were examined for phenotypic and genotypic variation. Microsatellite DNA analysis showed that all isolates were of the same clonal lineage. We show, for the first time for P. cinnamomi, that morphological and pathogenic variation between populations of the clonal lineage are very broad and continuous. The phenotypes examined included growth rates and colony morphology on potato dextrose agar at different temperatures, sporangial and gametangial morphology, ability to form lesions in detached jarrah and marri stems, and ability to cause deaths of clonal jarrah plants in a glasshouse trial. Phenotype variation was derived asexually. All phenotypes investigated varied independently from one another. Cluster analysis of 24 morphological and pathogenicity phenotypes identified two main clusters of isolates corresponding to each population. The ability to cause deaths in both populations ranged from killing all plants within 59 d to plants being symptomless 182 d after inoculation.

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“…This may also explain, at least in part, the appearance of oospores in certain old cultures of cross-inducing species of Phytophthora (Ashby, 1929;Chee & Newhook, 1965;Kreutzer et a/., 1940;Royle & Hickman, 1964;Savage et al, 1968;Stamps, 1953;Tucker, 193 1) . Brasier (1 972) showed that the ability of aged cultures of certain self-sterile isolates of Phytophthora to form oospores around the inoculum or in sectors in subcultures usually disappeared after one or two transfers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Reversible Change of Mating Type in Phytophthora parasitica

1981

Microbiology

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In addition to the original mating type, the opposite mating type appeared in the zoospore population of single isolates of Phytophthora parasitica after long-term storage or chloroneb treatment. Occasionally self-fertile zoospores were also detected, but their self-induction nature was transitory and unstable. Both hormone production and hormone reception were changed in the sexual variants. The results explain the apparent change from cross-induction ('heterothallic') to self-induction ('homothallic') in P. parasitica after long-term storage and chloroneb treatment, and suggest one possible evolutionary origin of sex in the lower fungi.

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Variability in sexual reproduction of Phytophthora cinnamomi Rands

Cited by 9 publications

References 7 publications

Phytophthora cinnamomi exhibits phenotypic plasticity in response to cold temperatures

Phytophthora cinnamomi exhibits phenotypic plasticity in response to cold temperatures

Phenotypic variation in a clonal lineage of two Phytophthora cinnamomi populations from Western Australia

Reversible Change of Mating Type in Phytophthora parasitica

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