Variability of amino acid digestibility in pigs:
inherent factors in feedstuffs and considerations in
methodology

Sauer, W. C.; He, Jianhua; Fan, M. Z.; Cervantes, M.; Kies, Arie K.; Caine, W. R.

doi:10.22358/jafs/70016/2001

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…As was demonstrated in our earlier studies Frankiewicz, 2003a, 2004), faba bean seeds cv. Kodam, in comparison with SBM, are characterized not only by a significantly lower methionine content, but also by its lower digestibility in the pig small intestine, which confirms the observations of Sauer et al (2001). Another cause of the obtained results could be attributed to the fact that the SBM used in digestibility trials and in the growth experiment derived from different batches and could, therefore, be characterized by somewhat worse protein quality and amino acid digestibility.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of different levels of faba bean in diets on growth performance of young pigs

Kasprowicz¹,

Frankiewicz²,

Urbaniak³

2005

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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Forty crossbred pigs of an initial body weight of about 14 kg were divided into 4 groups and placed in individual pens. The control animals (group K) were fed ad libitum a mixture containing soyabean meal (SBM), whereas in the case of diets fed to experimental groups, 25% (group 1), 50% (group 2) and 75% (group 3) of the soya protein was replaced by the protein of faba bean cv. Kodam. Diets were balanced on the basis of apparent ileal amino acid digestibility. The experiment ended when the animals reached a body weight of 36 kg. The average daily gain (ADG) of animals from the control group was 586 g, the feed:gain ratio (F/G) was 2.59 kg. In the experimental groups, the ADG was: 577 g (group 1), 629 g (group 2) and 637 g (group 3) and F/G was: 2.35, 2.28 and 2.17 kg/ kg, respectively. In comparison with the control group, the feed conversion ratio was significantly better (P<0.05) in groups 2 and 3 than in groups K and 1.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Effect of different levels of faba bean in diets on growth performance of young pigs

Kasprowicz¹,

Frankiewicz²,

Urbaniak³

2005

J. Anim. Feed Sci.

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“…With increasing concentrations of CP and amino acids in soybean meal diets Fan et al (1994) verified that the AD of amino acids were increased until digestibility values reached a plateau at concentrations of 16% CP and higher. As proposed by and Sauer et al (2001), the precaecal true digestibility (TD) of amino acids should be calculated from their corresponding ''plateau AD''. A possibility to estimate AD of amino acids of low protein food such as barley is to adjust the dietary CP level to the proposed plateau of 16% and to use the difference method as has been done previously Huang et al 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of partial dehulling of two- and six-row barley varieties on precaecal digestibility of amino acids in pigs

Hennig¹,

Kuhla²,

Souffrant³

et al. 2006

Archives of Animal Nutrition

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Five barrows (German Landrace; initial BW 58 kg, final BW 80 kg) fitted with an ileo-rectal anastomosis were used to determine the effect of partial dehulling and addition of barley hulls of two- and six-row barley varieties on the precaecal digestibility (pD) of CP and amino acids. The following diets were provided according to a standardized diet formulation and tested in seven consecutive periods (repeated group-period design): two-row barley (TRB) + casein (C), dehulled TRB + C, TRB + C + 10% hulls, six-row barley (SRB) + C, dehulled SRB + C, SRB + C + 1% hulls, and wheat starch + C. The diets were supplied at daily rates of 79-86 g DMI x kg BW(-0.75) in barley containing diets and at 49 g DMI x kg BW(-0.75) in the casein diet. The digestibility of amino acids in barley varieties was determined by the difference method (casein as basal diet) using quantitative digesta collection. In both varieties of barley the pD of CP and amino acids did not differ. The pD of CP was unchanged in regard to the treatments in both barley varieties. Due to dehulling in TRB the pD was improved significantly for most indispensable amino acids and in SRB for Met and Cys. Addition of 10% hulls to TRB led to equivalent pD of Arg, His, Leu, Tyr, and Trp compared to TRB, but the pD of Lys, Phe, Thr and Val was significantly decreased below the levels of TRB. Addition of even 1% hulls to SRB impaired the pD of Lys below the level in SRB. In conclusion, addition of barley hulls to pig diets impairs amino acids absorption in the small intestine. The pD values, measured under standardized experimental conditions (without a correction using basal endogenous amino acids), are similar to the values of true digestibility published by NRC (1998).

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“…Amino acid digestibility in barley for pigs 1607 Moreover, due to the low number of reports or imbalanced data, barley type, particle size, NDF, sex and breed were not included in the statistical model. Yet, it cannot be completely ruled out that these factors affect the SID of AA in barley (Sauer and Ozimek, 1986;Sauer et al, 2000 and2001). For example, Lahaye et al (2004) observed a significantly higher AID and SID of CP and AA in pigs fed a wheat-sunflower meal based diet due to a decrease in particle size from 1.0 to 0.5 mm.…”

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confidence: 99%

Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

Spindler

Mosenthin

Eklund

2014

Animal

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This meta-analysis aimed to estimate the standardized ileal digestibility (SID) and the basal ileal endogenous amino acid losses (IAA end ) in barley for growing pigs. In total, 38 different barley treatments published in 26 peer-reviewed papers were used for the meta-analysis containing information on dietary composition including amino acid (AA) contents of the assay diets, and (or) barley samples, as well as apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA in barley. The SID of AA was determined by either correcting AID of AA for their IAA end or by regression analysis between the apparent ileal digestible and total dietary AA contents. The SID values obtained by correcting the AID values for their IAA end amounted to 70%, 77%, 74% and 63% for Lys, Met, Thr and Trp, whereas those based on regression analysis method were 82%, 82%, 69% and 55%, respectively. Estimates of basal ileal endogenous loss of CP in ileal digesta varied considerably and averaged 11.84 g/kg dry matter intake (DMI), whereas IAA end for indispensable AA ranged from 0.05 g/kg DMI for Trp to 1.90 g/kg DMI for Leu. In most cases, these estimates were considerably higher than previously reported values for IAA end . The results of the present regression analysis indicate for most AA higher SID values compared with SID of most AA that were obtained by correcting AID values for IAA end . In view of the observed high variations in IAA end and the low CP content of the barley samples, estimating SID of AA based on literature data by means of the regression method may improve accuracy of SID coefficients for barley. In contrast, transformation of AID values into their corresponding SID values by using a constant correction factor for IAA end adds an additional source of error, thereby reducing the precision in estimating SID of AA.Keywords: amino acids, meta-analysis, pigs, standardized ileal digestibility, barley ImplicationsRegression analyses between the apparent ileal digestible and the total dietary amino acid (AA) content in barley samples have proven to be superior over the calculation of standardized ileal digestibility (SID) by correcting apparent ileal digestibility (AID) values for their ileal endogenous amino acid (IAA end ). According to regression analysis, SID of most AA in barley was >80%, whereas SID of most AA obtained by correcting AID values for IAA end was below 80%. In particular, lower SID of Lys, Thr and Trp in comparison to other indispensable AA need to be compensated for, for example, through supplementation with crystalline AA in barley diets for pigs. IntroductionThe world production of barley amounts to over 134 million tons annually (FAOSTAT, 2011), therefore, and due to its low purchase cost, barley is the most important crop in diets for livestock after wheat and maize (Leterme et al., 2000;Hennig et al., 2006; FAOSTAT, 2011). The protein content of cereal grains including barley is considerably lower than that of protein supplements such as soya bean meal, but due to their high dietary inclusion level, cereal grains can su...

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Variability of amino acid digestibility in pigs: inherent factors in feedstuffs and considerations in methodology

Cited by 8 publications

References 33 publications

Effect of different levels of faba bean in diets on growth performance of young pigs

Effect of different levels of faba bean in diets on growth performance of young pigs

Effect of partial dehulling of two- and six-row barley varieties on precaecal digestibility of amino acids in pigs

Evaluation through literature data on standardized ileal digestibility and basal ileal endogenous loss of amino acids associated with barley in pigs

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