Variability of Antarctic circumpolar transport and the Southern Annular Mode associated with the Madden‐Julian Oscillation

Matthews, Adrian J.

doi:10.1029/2004gl021666

Cited by 68 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The atmospheric MJO has a global structure (Hsu 1996) that can be well simulated in an atmospheric model if the MJO tropical heating pattern is correct (Matthews et al 2004). This will initiate a response in the extratropical oceans, such as that observed around the Antarctic coast from bottom pressure recorders (Matthews and Meredith 2004). The Argo float network is near-global.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ocean temperature and salinity components of the Madden–Julian oscillation observed by Argo floats

2009

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New diagnostics of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) cycle in ocean temperature and, for the first time, salinity are presented. The MJO composites are based on 4 years of gridded Argo float data from [2003][2004][2005][2006], and extend from the surface to 1400 m depth in the tropical Indian and Pacific Oceans. The MJO surface salinity anomalies are consistent with precipitation minus evaporation fluxes in the Indian Ocean, and with anomalous zonal advection in the Pacific. The Argo sea surface temperature and thermocline depth anomalies are consistent with previous studies using other data sets. The near-surface density changes due to salinity are comparable to, and partially offset, those due to temperature, emphasising the importance of including salinity as well as temperature changes in mixedlayer modelling of tropical intraseasonal processes. The MJO-forced equatorial Kelvin wave that propagates along the thermocline in the Pacific extends down into the deep ocean, to at least 1400 m. Coherent, statistically significant, MJO temperature and salinity anomalies are also present in the deep Indian Ocean.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Ocean temperature and salinity components of the Madden–Julian oscillation observed by Argo floats

2009

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“…Diverse studies have been developed that relate the interaction between variations within the synoptic scale and the MJO. Matthews and Kiladis (1999) studied the interaction between high-frequency transient disturbances and convection with the MJO. They found evidence that the propagation of high-frequency waves in the Indian Ocean could be of relevance for the onset of convective anomalies on an intraseasonal scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They found evidence that the propagation of high-frequency waves in the Indian Ocean could be of relevance for the onset of convective anomalies on an intraseasonal scale. For tropical-extratropical interactions, Matthews and Meredith (2004) and Zhou and Miller (2005) found that the variability of the atmospheric southern annular pattern on an intraseasonal scale shows a relation with the atmospheric variability related to the MJO during the southern winter.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Joint Diagnostic of the Surface Air Temperature in Southern South America and the Madden–Julian Oscillation

Naumann

Vargas

2010

Weather and Forecasting

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The objective of this research is to explore the relationship between maximum and minimum temperatures, daily precipitation, and the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO). It was found that the different phases of the MJO show a consistent signal on winter temperature variability and precipitation in southeastern South America. Additionally, this paper explores the spatial-temporal variations of mutual information and joint entropy between temperature and the MJO. A defined spatial pattern was observed with an increased signal in northeastern Argentina and southern Brazil. In the local mutual information analysis, periods in which the mutual information doubled the average values were observed over the entire region. These results indicate that these connections can be used to forecast winter temperatures with a better skill score in situations where both variables covary.

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“…Interdependence of the indices has been proposed by Carvalho et al (2005) who found that 25% of the AAO variance was linearly related to the state of ENSO. Given the similar time scales of the AAO and MJO (30-60 days), Matthews and Meredith (2004) suggested that seven days after convection in the equatorial Indian Ocean the AAO reaches a maximum. Conversely, Pohl et al (2010) argued that at intraseasonal time scales both the AAO and ENSO and also the AAO and MJO have insignificant correlations.…”

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confidence: 99%

Assessing the Influence of the MJO on Strong Precipitation Events in Subtropical, Semi-Arid North-Central Chile (30°S)

2012

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Annual precipitation in subtropical, semiarid north-central Chile (308S) during rainy years comprises a few (3-5) strong events in the fall and winter, which are presumably modulated by the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO). Precipitation from 1979-2009 was recorded daily at three stations along the Elqui Valley. The relationship between the MJO and precipitation is investigated from two perspectives: 1) examining a MJO index (MJOI) based on the actual precipitation events and 2) examining the likelihood of precipitation based on a favorable MJOI. About 80% of the strong precipitation events at the coast in La Serena are related to an active MJO near the central equatorial Pacific. These events are often typified by broad, slow moving synoptic systems in phase with the MJO propagation. Blocking in the far southeast Pacific is associated with precipitation 75% of the time, while deep troughs make up the rest.A relationship between a MJOI and strong rainfall suggests that, though it could be used as a potential diagnostic, the number of cases where there is a favorable MJOI but no precipitation (i.e., false alarms) limits its utility. Additional criteria such as the Southern Oscillation (SO) and Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) phases were used to reject false alarms. Rejecting cases with positive values of the SO index reduced the number of false alarms from 70% to 58%, leaving about two false alarms for every correctly diagnosed event. The AAO index could not discriminate between false alarms and real cases. While a favorable MJOI increases the likelihood of precipitation in the Elqui Valley, false alarms remain problematic.

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Variability of Antarctic circumpolar transport and the Southern Annular Mode associated with the Madden‐Julian Oscillation

Cited by 68 publications

References 21 publications

Ocean temperature and salinity components of the Madden–Julian oscillation observed by Argo floats

Ocean temperature and salinity components of the Madden–Julian oscillation observed by Argo floats

Joint Diagnostic of the Surface Air Temperature in Southern South America and the Madden–Julian Oscillation

Assessing the Influence of the MJO on Strong Precipitation Events in Subtropical, Semi-Arid North-Central Chile (30°S)

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