Variability of Mediterranean Stone pine cone production: Yield loss as response to climate change

Mutke, Sven; Gordo, Javier; Gil, Luis

doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2005.08.002

Cited by 128 publications

(126 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Even with a large inter-annual cone production variability, which depends on the climatic conditions during the 4 years cone development period, P. pinea provides higher incomes to owners because pine seeds are highly prized in the international markets, much more than other forest resources (e.g. timber) (Mutke et al, 2005b). Other distinctive characteristic of the species is its genetic uniformity (Vendramin et al, 2008) combined with a high level of fenotipic plasticity (Mutke et al, 2005a).…”

Section: Pinus Pinea Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass allometry and carbon factors for a Mediterranean pine (Pinus pinea L.) in Portugal

Correia¹,

Tomé²,

Pacheco³

et al. 2010

For. syst.

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Forests play an important role in the global carbon balance because they offset a large portion of the carbon dioxide emitted through human activities. Accurate estimates are necessary for national reporting of greenhouse gas inventories, carbon credit trading and forest carbon management but in Portugal reliable and accessible forest carbon measurement methodologies are still lacking for some species. The objective of this study was to provide forest managers with a comprehensive database of carbon factors and equations that allows estimating stand-level carbon stocks in Pinus pinea L. (P. pinea), regardless of the tree inventory information available. We produced aboveground biomass and stem volume equations, biomass expansion factors (BEF) by component as well as wood basic density (WBD) and component carbon fraction in biomass. A root-to-shoot ratio is also presented using data from trees in which the root system was completely excavated. We harvested 53 trees in centre and south Portugal covering different sizes (6.5 to 56.3 cm), ages (10 to 45 years) and stand densities (20 to 580 trees ha -1 ). The results indicate that aboveground allometry in P. pinea is not comparable with other pines and varies considerably with stand characteristics, highlighting the need to develop stand-dependent factors and equations for local or regional carbon calculations. BEF aboveground decreases from open (1.33 ± 0.03 Mg m -3 ) to closed stands (1.07 ± 0.01 Mg m -3 ) due to a change in biomass allocation pattern from stem to branches. Average WBD was 0.50 ± 0.01 Mg m -3 but varies with tree dimensions and the root-to-shoot ratio found was 0.30 ± 0.03. The carbon fraction was statistically different from the commonly used 0.5 factor for some biomass components. The equations and factors produced allow evaluating carbon stocks in P. pinea stands in Portugal, contributing to a more accurate estimation of carbon sequestered by this forest type.Key words: Pinus pinea; carbon balance; climate change; biomass inventory. Resumen Alometría de la biomasa y factores de carbono para un pino Mediterráneo (Pinus pinea L.) en PortugalLos bosques juegan un papel importante en el balance global del carbono porque desplazan una gran porción del dióxido de carbono emitidos por actividades humanas. Se necesitan estimaciones precisas para los informes nacionales de los inventarios de los gases de efecto invernadero, mercados de créditos de carbono, y manejo de carbono en los bosques. Pero en Portugal todavía faltan, para algunas especies, metodologías de mediciones fiables y accesibles de carbono en los bosques. El objetivo de este estudio es proporcionar a los gestores forestales una base de datos completa de los factores y ecuaciones del carbono que permitan estimar los stocks de carbono a nivel de rodal, en Pinus pinea, independientemente de la información disponible de los inventarios de árbol. Producimos ecuaciones de biomasa del matorral, y del volumen del troco, factores de expansión de biomasas (BEF) por componente así como densi...

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Section: Pinus Pinea Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomass allometry and carbon factors for a Mediterranean pine (Pinus pinea L.) in Portugal

Correia¹,

Tomé²,

Pacheco³

et al. 2010

For. syst.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This fact has given impetus to several studies on the variables explaining cone and seed production for this species (Calama et al 2008 and2011;Mutke et al 2005Mutke et al , 2007Carrasquinho et al 2010). Most of these studies show significant relationship between cone and/or seed production and the climate and soil variables, sometimes expressed as ecological units.…”

Section: Fructification Of Aleppo Pine Forests In North Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cones are harvested from Mediterranean Stone pine Pinus pinea L. for their edible kernels, pine nuts, which have been used as a food item in the region since Palaeolithic times and that are nowadays more important to the owners of these pine forests than any other forest product (Mutke et al 2005). This fact has given impetus to several studies on the variables explaining cone and seed production for this species (Calama et al 2008 and2011;Mutke et al 2005Mutke et al , 2007Carrasquinho et al 2010).…”

Section: Fructification Of Aleppo Pine Forests In North Africamentioning

confidence: 99%

Stand, tree and crown variables affecting cone crop and seed yield of Aleppo pine forests in different bioclimatic regions of Tunisia

Ayari

Zubizarreta-Gerendiain

Tomé³

et al. 2012

For. syst.

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In Tunisia, the Aleppo pine seed has a great importance, since in the last decades human consumption has risen considerable. Thus its regeneration and seed production capacities are important factors to take into account to reach the necessities of the country. To study the production of cones and seeds of Aleppo pine, Tunisia's native Aleppo pine forests were surveyed in summer 2006, using 79 plots (40 × 25 m: 1,000 m²) spread over four bioclimatic zones. Stand and tree characteristics, crown dimensions and cone/seed variables were measured from an average tree of each plot (i.e. a total of 79 trees). Recorded data were submitted to simple and multiple regression analyses for explaining the variability in crown volume and crown surface, cone number and seed yield per average tree. Results showed a negative correlation between the stand density, crown characteristics and number of cones and seeds harvested from the average tree. For crown volume and surface, age, stand density, tree height, diameter at breast height, crown diameter and crown height were important explanatory variables under multiple regression analyses. For cone number per tree, only the age, stand density and total height were the most determinant variables. Matures cone number per tree and cone mass per tree were the most informative parameters for the total seed yields per tree. Finally, forest managers should know that crown size affects cone and seed crop of the Aleppo pine individual tree grown in Tunisia, but has no effects on seed number per cone and seed mass per cone.Key words: Aleppo pine; crown dimensions; cone number; seed yields; bioclimatic zones; Tunisia. ResumenVariables de parcela, árbol y copa que afectan la producción de piñas y piñones en bosques de pino carrasco de Túnez En Túnez, la producción de piñones del pino carrasco tiene una gran importancia, ya que en las últimas décadas su consumo ha aumentado de forma considerable. Por ello, su regeneración y capacidad de producción de piñas/piñones en un factor a tener en cuenta en Túnez. En verano del 2006 se eligieron 79 parcelas de 1.000 m² (40 × 25 m) situadas en cuatro zonas bioclimáticas representativas de Túnez para el estudio de la capacidad de producción de piñas/piñones del pino carrasco. Teniendo en cuenta todos los árboles de las parcelas, se identificó el árbol promedio, del que posteriormente se medirían variables de árbol, dimensión de copa y producción de piñas/piñones. Los resultados demuestran una correlación negativa entre la densidad de la parcela, características de la copa y el número de piñas/piñones recolectados por cada árbol promedio. Para la descripción del volumen y superficie de copa, las variables más importantes fueron edad, densidad de parcela, altura y diámetro del árbol, y altura y diámetro de la copa. Las variables edad, densidad de parcela y altura del árbol fueron las más significativas para la determinación de nú-mero de piñas por árbol. Para el cálculo del total de piñones por árbol, las variables más informativas fueron el nú-mero ...

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“…The zero inflated models (ZI) (Lambert, 1992) was used for the zero observations, the skewed distribution and the positive outcomes with no transformation of the data, including a small constant to replace the zero data (Mutke et al, 2005) or using some…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inter-annual variability in Prosopis caldenia pod production in the Argentinean semiarid pampas: A modelling approach

Risio

Calama

Bogino

et al. 2016

Journal of Arid Environments

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The driest part of the Argentinean pampas is occupied by semiarid woodlands dominates by Prosopis caldenia Burkart (Calden). Calden pods are a highly valuable fodder supplement for livestock but its production is highly variable. Our objective was to analyze and model the temporal pattern in inter-annual variability of Calden pod production. Our key hypothesis is that weather conditions are the main determinant of the pod masting behavior. Tree size and climatic variables were evaluated as explanatory covariates using a zero-inflated log-normal modelling approach. The proposed final model structure incorporated 25 parameters, including four variance components, two intercepts for both the logistic and the log-normal parts of the model, and nineteen parameters associated with fixed effects. Climate had a strong influence on the flowering-fruiting Calden process and on the inter-annual variability of the final pod production at the tree level. Temperatures during bud breaking, flowering and fruit shedding, together with the precipitation from the final month of fruit shedding and the total amount of the prior vegetative cycle, were the main weather covariates that affect the processes. KeywordsZero-inflated, fruit, non-wood forest product, calden.Abbreviation list g per crown area square metre grams per square metre of crown area; ZILN zero inflated log normal

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Variability of Mediterranean Stone pine cone production: Yield loss as response to climate change

Cited by 128 publications

References 31 publications

Biomass allometry and carbon factors for a Mediterranean pine (Pinus pinea L.) in Portugal

Biomass allometry and carbon factors for a Mediterranean pine (Pinus pinea L.) in Portugal

Stand, tree and crown variables affecting cone crop and seed yield of Aleppo pine forests in different bioclimatic regions of Tunisia

Inter-annual variability in Prosopis caldenia pod production in the Argentinean semiarid pampas: A modelling approach

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