Variability of Plasma Lipids in Response to Emotional Arousal

Dimsdale, Joel E.; Herd, Alan

doi:10.1097/00006842-198211000-00004

Cited by 175 publications

(74 citation statements)

References 50 publications

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“…47 Chronic adrenocortical stimulation also has been associated with changes in plasma lipids in a direction that would be considered more atherogenic. 48 Increased adrenocortical activity 49 and altered hypothalamopituitary function associated with social subordination 50 - 51 have been shown to result in ovarian dysfunction. This suggests that social subordination also may influence the extent of atherosclerosis indirectly through neuroendocrine-based effects on ovarian function.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovariectomy, social status, and atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys.

Adams¹,

Kaplan²,

Clarkson³

et al. 1985

Arteriosclerosis

151

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Evidence is contradictory regarding the effects of natural or surgical menopause on "female protection" against coronary artery atherosclerosis. We evaluated atherosclerosis, plasma lipids, blood pressure, and carbohydrate tolerance in 21 ovariectomized and 23 intact female cynomolgus macaques fed a moderately atherogenic diet for 30 months. We also evaluated the influence of social dominance status, with particular emphasis on a possible relationship with ovarian endocrine function. Atherosclerosis was two to 10 times as extensive in coronary, carotid, and iliacofemoral arteries of the ovariectomized females; this could be explained, in part, by 15% to 20% increases in total plasma and LDL cholesterol concentrations. Socially dominant intact females were protected against advanced atherosclerotic lesions (plaques) of the coronary arteries, while subordinate females and ovariectomized females were not. Increased susceptibility to advanced coronary artery atherosclerosis in subordinate intact females may have been related in some way to chronic ovarian dysfunction observed in seven of 12 of these individuals. As a group, subordinate intact females also had enlarged adrenal glands, suggestive of mechanisms that may influence atherogenesis independently. The results indicate that, in this species, ovariectomy and chronic ovarian dysfunction related to subordinate social status are associated with a more atherogenic plasma lipid pattern and abolish "female protection" against coronary artery atherosclerosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ovariectomy, social status, and atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys.

Adams¹,

Kaplan²,

Clarkson³

et al. 1985

Arteriosclerosis

151

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show abstract

“…Most studies show an increase in total cholesterol above baseline under stressful conditions, including academic stress. [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Almost all applicants are forced to study hard to pass entrance examinations for Japanese universities, especially for the University of Tokyo. Thus, in some students, the serum cholesterol levels may increase temporarily because of stress due to the examinations, but these levels decrease as the semester proceeds.…”

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confidence: 99%

Depressive Mood Accompanies Hypercholesterolemia in Young Japanese Adults.

et al. 2001

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SUMMARYScreening of young hypercholesterolemics is important because they are highly susceptible to atherosclerotic diseases. However, in some cases, serum cholesterol level may be elevated temporarily due to stress or other psychological factors. This study examined the effects of mood states on 'persistent' hypercholesterolemia in comparison with 'temporary' hypercholesterolemia among students entering a university. The subjects were 114 untreated first-year students aged 18 to 20 years old. All had been screened positive for hypercholesterolemia (serum total cholesterol >220 mg/dl) upon enrolling in the university. Three months after the screening, they were divided into two groups according to the re-examined serum total cholesterol level; a persistent hypercholesterolemic group (n=41) with >220 mg/dl and a temporary hypercholesterolemic group (n=73) with <220 mg/dl. At that time, they completed the Profile of Mood States (POMS) with tension-anxiety, depression, anger-hostility, vigor, fatigue and confusion scales. The POMS depression scores and the female ratio were higher (both p<0.01) and body mass index was lower (p<0.05) in the persistent hypercholesterolemic subjects than in the temporary hypercholesterolemic subjects; the POMS depression scores were still higher (p<0.05) after controlling for the effects of gender, body mass index, and other POMS scales by multiple logistic regression analysis. Depressive mood appeared to relate to hypercholesterolemia when the university students were screened. Assessment of mood states may be important in screening young hypercholesterolemic patients. (Jpn Heart J 2001; 42: 739-748)

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“…1 " 4 Behavior modification, 5 on the other hand, has been shown to result in decreased cholesterol concentrations. Stress is yet another factor that results in increased cholesterol levels 6 " 12 and, as with behavior modification, relaxation training 13 ' 14 tends to reverse the elevated cholesterol levels.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6 " 15 Since corticosteroids are lipogenic in " 22 and since they are increased in Type A individuals under certain situations 23 and in individuals exposed to stress or other environmental challenges, 2425 it is possible that much of the elevated cholesterol associated with coronary heart disease, Type A behavior, and stress could be the result of increased corticosteroids or increased responsiveness to corticosteroids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between cortisol and cholesterol in men with coronary artery disease and type A behavior.

Schwertner¹,

Troxler²,

Uhl³

et al. 1984

Arteriosclerosis

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To further understand the hormonal mechanisms linking behavior pattern and coronary artery disease (CAD), we Investigated the relationship between 0930-hour plasma cortisol and cholesterol In relatively young males who had undergone coronary anglography and In a subgroup of Individuals who had undergone the structured interview for classification of behavior pattern. A statistically significant association (p < 0.05) was found between cortisol and cholesterol for Individuals who had either minimal CAD (20% to 49% narrowing) or significant CAD (3=50% narrowing), but not for subjects without CAD. An association between cortisol and cholesterol was also found to be significant S ince serum cholesterol is one of the most important risk factors for coronary heart disease, numerous studies have been made to identify factors that control its levels in blood. Extensive evidence now indicates that cholesterol metabolism is controlled by a complex system involving genetics, sex, diet, and age. Some evidence also indicates that behavior pattern may have an influence on cholesterol concentrations. Individuals with Type A behavior, for instance, have higher serum cholesterol concentrations and have more severe and extensive coronary atherosclerosis than do Type B individuals.

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Variability of Plasma Lipids in Response to Emotional Arousal

Cited by 175 publications

References 50 publications

Ovariectomy, social status, and atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys.

Ovariectomy, social status, and atherosclerosis in cynomolgus monkeys.

Depressive Mood Accompanies Hypercholesterolemia in Young Japanese Adults.

Relationship between cortisol and cholesterol in men with coronary artery disease and type A behavior.

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