Variability of the mesospheric wind field at middle and Arctic latitudes in winter and its relation to stratospheric circulation disturbances

Hoffmann, Peter; Singer, W.; Keuer, D.

doi:10.1016/s1364-6826(02)00071-8

Cited by 78 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Holton, 1983;. In addition to mesospheric cooling, the high-latitude MLT response to SSWs has been observed to be characterized by a reversal or weakening of the wintertime eastward winds, as well as enhanced PW activity (Hoffmann et al, 2002(Hoffmann et al, , 2007Jacobi et al, 2003;Matthias et al, 2012). Similarly, modelling studies have shown zonal wind reversals and increased PW forcing at mesospheric altitudes associated with SSWs (Chandran et al, 2013;Limpasuvan et al, 2012).…”

Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling in the middle atmosphere related to the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming

et al. 2015

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Abstract. The previously reported observation of anomalous eastward gravity wave forcing at mesopause heights around the onset of the January 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) over Trondheim, Norway (63 • N, 10 • E), is placed in a global perspective using Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) temperature observations from the Aura satellite. It is shown that this anomalous forcing results in a clear cooling over Trondheim about 10 km below mesopause heights. Conversely, near the mesopause itself, where the gravity wave forcing was measured, observations with meteor radar, OH airglow and MLS show no distinct cooling. Polar cap zonal mean temperatures show a similar vertical profile. Longitudinal variability in the high northern-latitude mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) is characterized by a quasi-stationary wave-1 structure, which reverses phase at altitudes below ∼ 0.1 hPa. This wave-1 develops prior to the SSW onset, and starts to propagate westward at the SSW onset. The latitudinal pole-to-pole temperature structure associated with the major SSW shows a warming (cooling) in the winter stratosphere (mesosphere) which extends to about 40 • N. In the stratosphere, a cooling extending over the equator and far into the summer hemisphere is observed, whereas in the mesosphere an equatorial warming is noted. In the Southern Hemisphere mesosphere, a warm anomaly overlaying a cold anomaly is present, which is shown to propagate downward in time. This observed structure is in accordance with the temperature perturbations predicted by the proposed interhemispheric coupling mechanism for cases of increased winter stratospheric planetary wave activity, of which major SSWs are an extreme case. These results provide observational evidence for the interhemispheric coupling mechanism, and for the wave-mean flow interaction believed to be responsible for the establishment of the anomalies in the summer hemisphere.

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Section: Published By Copernicus Publications On Behalf Of the Europementioning

confidence: 99%

Coupling in the middle atmosphere related to the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming

et al. 2015

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“…Much work about gravity waves during SSWs has been done using ground-based observations, for example lidar data (e.g., Duck et al, 1998) and radar data (e.g., Hoffmann et al, 2002Hoffmann et al, , 2007. One of the main findings is that during SSWs gravity wave activity in the upper stratosphere and in the mesosphere is related to the background winds, and selective filtering of gravity waves by the background winds is an important effect (e.g., Thurairajah et al, 2010;Matthias et al, 2012).…”

Section: Gravity Wave Observations During Sswsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite observations of middle atmosphere gravity wave absolute momentum flux and of its vertical gradient during recent stratospheric warmings

Ern¹,

Trinh²,

Kaufmann³

et al. 2016

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Sudden stratospheric warmings (SSWs) are circulation anomalies in the polar region during winter. They mostly occur in the Northern Hemisphere and affect also surface weather and climate. Both planetary waves and gravity waves contribute to the onset and evolution of SSWs. While the role of planetary waves for SSW evolution has been recognized, the effect of gravity waves is still not fully understood, and has not been comprehensively analyzed based on global observations. In particular, information on the gravity wave driving of the background winds during SSWs is still missing.

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“…The reversal wind (west ward) at 32 km (∼10 hPa pressure level) continued up to day 150. The observed latitudinal dependence of the wind reversal of eastward-directed winds with reduced magnitudes towards the Equator was more pronounced during SSW in 1998/99 (Hoffmann et al, 2002). The IMFs of the MLS temperature anomaly data are shown in Fig.…”

Section: Empirical Mode Decomposition (Emd)mentioning

confidence: 88%

“…The key mechanism behind the sudden stratospheric warming (SSW), initially proposed by Matsuno (1971) and now widely accepted, relates to the growth of upward propagating transient planetary waves (PWs) and their non-linear interaction with the zonal mean flow. Later, SSWs are reasonably well characterized from observational data sets (Labitzke and Naujokat, 2000;Hoffmann et al, 2002Hoffmann et al, , 2007Venkat Ratnam et al, 2004;Cho et al, 2004;Pancheva et al, 2008) and also through modeling (Newman and Nash, 2004;Manney et al, 2008b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Planetary waves in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere during 2009 Arctic major stratospheric warming

et al. 2012

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Abstract. The AURA-MLS daily mean temperatures and zonal wind from NASA-MERRA reanalysis for latitudes between 60 • N and 80 • N are used to investigate the planetary wave (PW) characteristics in the stratosphere and lower mesosphere during sudden stratospheric warming (SSW) (November 2008 to March 2009). Here, we used a novel method called empirical mode decomposition (EMD) to extract the PWs from the temperature data. The EMD is an interesting approach to decompose signals into locally periodic components, the intrinsic mode functions (IMFs), and will easily identify the embedded structures, even those with small amplitudes. The spectral analysis reveals prevailing planetary wave periods of ∼6-day, ∼8-day, ∼15-day, and ∼21-23-day in IMFs 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. Clear upward propagation of these waves (20-30 days) is observed, suggesting that sources for these oscillations are in the troposphere.

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Variability of the mesospheric wind field at middle and Arctic latitudes in winter and its relation to stratospheric circulation disturbances

Cited by 78 publications

References 15 publications

Coupling in the middle atmosphere related to the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming

Coupling in the middle atmosphere related to the 2013 major sudden stratospheric warming

Satellite observations of middle atmosphere gravity wave absolute momentum flux and of its vertical gradient during recent stratospheric warmings

Planetary waves in the upper stratosphere and lower mesosphere during 2009 Arctic major stratospheric warming

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