Variable and robust East Asian monsoon rainfall response to El Niño over the past 60 years (1957–2016)

Wang, Bin; Li, Juan; He, Qiong

doi:10.1007/s00376-017-7016-3

Cited by 121 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…In some parts of Sumatra, Bali, East Kalimantan and part of Papua, rainfall was in normal category. The results supported previous report [22] based on GPCP data finding the Asian monsoon rainfall anomalies associated with the 2015/2016 El Niño. The station and satellite records confirm the extremely deficient rainfall over Indonesia and the Philippines.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Analysis of El Niño and IOD Phenomenon 2015/2016 and Their Impact on Rainfall Variability in Indonesia

Avia

Sofiati

2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 82%

Analysis of El Niño and IOD Phenomenon 2015/2016 and Their Impact on Rainfall Variability in Indonesia

Avia

Sofiati

2018

IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci.

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“…Relatively shorter but severe droughts also occurred in western Africa, Southeast Asia, and Australia between mid-1877 and 1878. Droughts in most of these regions are often associated with the occurrence of El Niño events (e.g., Kumar et al 2006;Slingo and Annamalai 2000;Ropelewski and Halpert 1987;Wang et al 2017;Xu et al 2004). While previous studies (Kiladis and Diaz 1986;Aceituno et al 2009) have identified the presence of a strong El Niño during the Great Drought, the El Niño conditions only developed in 1877 and waned in 1878.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate and the Global Famine of 1876–78

et al. 2018

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From 1875 to 1878, concurrent multiyear droughts in Asia, Brazil, and Africa, referred to as the Great Drought, caused widespread crop failures, catalyzing the so-called Global Famine, which had fatalities exceeding 50 million people and long-lasting societal consequences. Observations, paleoclimate reconstructions, and climate model simulations are used 1) to demonstrate the severity and characterize the evolution of drought across different regions, and 2) to investigate the underlying mechanisms driving its multiyear persistence. Severe or record-setting droughts occurred on continents in both hemispheres and in multiple seasons, with the ''Monsoon Asia'' region being the hardest hit, experiencing the single most intense and the second most expansive drought in the last 800 years. The extreme severity, duration, and extent of this global event is associated with an extraordinary combination of preceding cool tropical Pacific conditions (1870-76), a record-breaking El Niño (1877-78), a record strong Indian Ocean dipole (1877), and record warm North Atlantic Ocean (1878) conditions. Composites of historical analogs and two sets of ensemble simulations-one forced with global sea surface temperatures (SSTs) and another forced with tropical Pacific SSTs-were used to distinguish the role of the extreme conditions in different ocean basins. While the drought in most regions was largely driven by the tropical Pacific SST conditions, an extreme positive phase of the Indian Ocean dipole and warm North Atlantic SSTs, both likely aided by the strong El Niño in 1877-78, intensified and prolonged droughts in Australia and Brazil, respectively, and extended the impact to northern and southeastern Africa. Climatic conditions that caused the Great Drought and Global Famine arose from natural variability, and their recurrence, with hydrological impacts intensified by global warming, could again potentially undermine global food security.Denotes content that is immediately available upon publication as open access.

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“…Later studies show that not every El Niño leads to decrease in Indian monsoon rainfall and the drought events in India are more sensitive to the warming in the central equatorial Pacific than that in the eastern Pacific (Kumar et al, ). The 2015/2016 El Niño was one of the three strongest on record (Wang et al, ; Xue & Kumar, ) and had tremendous impact on global climate (e.g., Thompson et al, ; Avery et al, ; Siderius et al, ; Li et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extreme Lake Level Changes on the Tibetan Plateau Associated With the 2015/2016 El Niño

Lei

Zhu

Wang

et al. 2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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Although the impact of El Niño–Southern Oscillation on the Tibetan Plateau (TP) is reflected through stable isotopes of precipitation and ice cores, the hydroclimate response of TP lakes to El Niño–Southern Oscillation is seldom investigated. Here we show that significant lake water deficit occurred on the central TP (CTP) due to a dramatic decrease in precipitation 2016 El Ni/2016 El Niño event, followed by extreme lake water surplus in 2016 and 2017 over most of the TP (except the eastern CTP). Similar but weaker lake shrinkage and afterward expansion can also be found during historical El Niño events. Further exploration reveals that the CTP dry anomaly during El Niño events tends to bridge the dry anomalies over India and northern China, thereby forming a dry zone along the northwestern edge of the Asian monsoon domain. This study may shed light on the prediction of lake level changes on the TP.

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Variable and robust East Asian monsoon rainfall response to El Niño over the past 60 years (1957–2016)

Cited by 121 publications

References 43 publications

Analysis of El Niño and IOD Phenomenon 2015/2016 and Their Impact on Rainfall Variability in Indonesia

Analysis of El Niño and IOD Phenomenon 2015/2016 and Their Impact on Rainfall Variability in Indonesia

Climate and the Global Famine of 1876–78

Extreme Lake Level Changes on the Tibetan Plateau Associated With the 2015/2016 El Niño

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