Variable Methylation Potential in Preterm Placenta: Implication for Epigenetic Programming of the Offspring

Khot, Vinita; Chavan‐Gautam, Preeti; Mehendale, Savita; Joshi, Sadhana

doi:10.1177/1933719116671001

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Recent studies investigating the role of LCPUFAs in determining gestational outcomes and influencing the offspring’s health have shown that inadequate intakes during pregnancy may result in aberrant DNA methylation patterns, affecting the expression of clinically relevant genes (e.g., angiogenic factor genes) ( 32 ). This can contribute not only to the vascular dysregulation associated with abnormal placentation but might also play detrimental effects on fetal programming, ensuing in an increased long-term risk of cardiovascular diseases ( 33 ).…”

Section: Effect Of Maternal Nutrition On Pregnancy Epigenetics and Fementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Matters: The Link between Early Nutrition, Microbiome, and Long-term Health Development

Indrio¹,

Martini

Francavilla³

et al. 2017

Front. Pediatr.

184

146

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Epigenetic modifications are among the most important mechanisms by which environmental factors can influence early cellular differentiation and create new phenotypic traits during pregnancy and within the neonatal period without altering the deoxyribonucleic acid sequence. A number of antenatal and postnatal factors, such as maternal and neonatal nutrition, pollutant exposure, and the composition of microbiota, contribute to the establishment of epigenetic changes that can not only modulate the individual adaptation to the environment but also have an influence on lifelong health and disease by modifying inflammatory molecular pathways and the immune response. Postnatal intestinal colonization, in turn determined by maternal flora, mode of delivery, early skin-to-skin contact and neonatal diet, leads to specific epigenetic signatures that can affect the barrier properties of gut mucosa and their protective role against later insults, thus potentially predisposing to the development of late-onset inflammatory diseases. The aim of this review is to outline the epigenetic mechanisms of programming and development acting within early-life stages and to examine in detail the role of maternal and neonatal nutrition, microbiota composition, and other environmental factors in determining epigenetic changes and their short- and long-term effects.

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Section: Effect Of Maternal Nutrition On Pregnancy Epigenetics and Fementioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetic Matters: The Link between Early Nutrition, Microbiome, and Long-term Health Development

Indrio¹,

Martini

Francavilla³

et al. 2017

Front. Pediatr.

184

146

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Altogether, these candidate-based methylation studies show that mapping placental epigenome modifications attributable to air pollution offers a unique opportunity to unravel biomolecular signatures playing a potential role in the mediation of air pollution influence on postnatal life [51].…”

Section: Air Pollution-induced Placental Epigenetic Alterationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air pollution-induced placental alterations: an interplay of oxidative stress, epigenetics, and the aging phenotype?

et al. 2019

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According to the "Developmental Origins of Health and Disease" (DOHaD) concept, the early-life environment is a critical period for fetal programming. Given the epidemiological evidence that air pollution exposure during pregnancy adversely affects newborn outcomes such as birth weight and preterm birth, there is a need to pay attention to underlying modes of action to better understand not only these air pollution-induced early health effects but also its later-life consequences. In this review, we give an overview of air pollution-induced placental molecular alterations observed in the ENVIRONAGE birth cohort and evaluate the existing evidence. In general, we showed that prenatal exposure to air pollution is associated with nitrosative stress and epigenetic alterations in the placenta. Adversely affected CpG targets were involved in cellular processes including DNA repair, circadian rhythm, and energy metabolism. For miRNA expression, specific air pollution exposure windows were associated with altered miR-20a, miR-21, miR-146a, and miR-222 expression. Early-life aging markers including telomere length and mitochondrial DNA content are associated with air pollution exposure during pregnancy. Previously, we proposed the air pollution-induced telomere-mitochondrial aging hypothesis with a direct link between telomeres and mitochondria. Here, we extend this view with a potential co-interaction of different biological mechanisms on the level of placental oxidative stress, epigenetics, aging, and energy metabolism. Investigating the placenta is an opportunity for future research as it may help to understand the fundamental biology underpinning the DOHaD concept through the interactions between the underlying modes of action, prenatal environment, and disease risk in later life. To prevent lasting consequences from early-life exposures of air pollution, policy makers should get a basic understanding of biomolecular consequences and transgenerational risks.

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“…As for lipids, recent studies have shown that the inadequate intake of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFA) during pregnancy may provoke aberrant DNA methylation patterns affecting clinically relevant gene expression, such as angiogenic factor genes [52,53]. This may not only contribute to vascular deregulation associated with abnormal placentation but may also have harmful effects on fetal programming, resulting in an enhanced risk of cardiovascular disease in adulthood [54]. Specific components of the Mediterranean diet assessed by the PREDIMED study, specifically omega-3 fatty acids from extra-virgin olive oil and nuts, induce methylation changes in peripheral white blood cells associated with intermediate metabolism, diabetes, inflammation and signal transduction [55].…”

Section: Macronutrientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epigenetics, Maternal Diet and Metabolic Programming

Ramírez‐Alarcón¹,

Sánchez-Agurto²,

Lamperti³

et al. 2019

TOBIOJ

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Background: The maternal environment influences embryonic and fetal life. Nutritional deficits or excesses alter the trajectory of fetus/offspring’s development. The concept of “developmental programming” and “developmental origins of health and disease” consists of the idea that maternal diet may remodel the genome and lead to epigenetic changes. These changes are induced during early life, permanently altering the phenotype in the posterior adult stage, favoring the development of metabolic diseases such as obesity, dyslipidemia, hypertension, hyperinsulinemia, and metabolic syndrome. In this review, it is aimed to overview epigenetics, maternal diet and metabolic programming factors and determine which of these might affect future generations. Scope and Approach: Nutrients interfere with the epigenome by influencing the supply and use of methyl groups through DNA transmethylation and demethylation mechanisms. They also influence the remodeling of chromatin and arginine or lysine residues at the N-terminal tails of histone, thus altering miRNA expression. Fats, proteins, B vitamins and folates act as important cofactors in methylation processes. The metabolism of carbon in the methyl groups of choline, folic acid and methionine to S-Adenosyl Methionine (SAM), acts as methyl donors to methyl DNA, RNA, and proteins. B-complex vitamins are important since they act as coenzymes during this process. Key Findings and Conclusion: Nutrients, during pregnancy, potentially influence susceptibility to diseases in adulthood. Additionally, the deficit or excess of nutrients alter the epigenetic machinery, affecting genes and influencing the genome of the offspring and therefore, predisposing the development of chronic diseases in adults.

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Variable Methylation Potential in Preterm Placenta: Implication for Epigenetic Programming of the Offspring

Cited by 18 publications

References 58 publications

Epigenetic Matters: The Link between Early Nutrition, Microbiome, and Long-term Health Development

Epigenetic Matters: The Link between Early Nutrition, Microbiome, and Long-term Health Development

Air pollution-induced placental alterations: an interplay of oxidative stress, epigenetics, and the aging phenotype?

Epigenetics, Maternal Diet and Metabolic Programming

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