Variables Affecting Ultrasound Repellency in Philippine Rats

Shumake, Stephen A.; Kolz, AL; Crane, Kenneth A.; Johnson, Richard E.

doi:10.2307/3808417

Cited by 8 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, he found higher repellent efficiency in cases where he gave rodents free access to alternative sources of food and water in ultrasonic free spots (Maclean, 1970). Similar results in laboratory conditions were obtained from Shumake et al (1982), who studied the impact of three ultrasound devices (20, 20-30 and 40kHz) on the behaviour and intake of food in Philippine black rats (Rattus rattus mindanensis). They found that when the food was plentiful, the rats significantly reduced the intake of food in ultrasound chambers, preferring to feed in the chambers without ultrasonic waves.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

“…Despite a wide variety of different commercially available models, as well as extensive media advertising, many users report unsatisfactory performance in practice. The information on their effectiveness in the scientific literature is scarce and at the same time there is a serious contradiction between the results of tests carried out in laboratory and field conditions (Maclean, 1970;Shumake et al, 1982;Shumake et al, 1984;Shumake, 1997). This motivated us to conduct our own research to assess the suitability of these agents for controlling synanthropic rodents in real-world practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Electronic rat-control devices – solution or scam? Results of field trials and a summary of the literary data

Zhelev¹,

Koev²,

Stoyanov³

et al. 2018

AVM

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The electronic rat-control devices are humane means of controlling harmful rodents without toxic substances. They are relatively inexpensive and very easy to use and have gained increasing popularity in recent years. Although they have been introduced long ago in the practice of deratization, scientific information about their real effectiveness is scarce and at the same time very controversial. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the repellent efficiency of an electronic device using the combined action of ultrasonic waves, light signals, and electromagnetic field change in practice. Two field trials were carried out on a cattle-breeding farm and a feed warehouse inhabited by brown rats (Rattus norvegicus) and roof rats (Rattus rattus). Repellent efficacy was determined by comparing the indicators evaluating the presence and activity of rodents during the pre-testing period before the inclusion of the device and after its activation during the test period. A lack of repellent effect was found in both field studies. The results obtained are supported by an analysis of the scientific literature confirming the inadequate effectiveness of electronic rat control devices in practical conditions. Emphasis is placed on the deficiencies and the need for regulatory adjustments governing the control and admission of electronic devices to control rats on the market.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic rat-control devices – solution or scam? Results of field trials and a summary of the literary data

Zhelev¹,

Koev²,

Stoyanov³

et al. 2018

AVM

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In possibly the first scientific study of the effectiveness of ultrasound as a pest repellent, Frings [48] noted that there were numerous claims without any evidence, even following an open challenge he had issued to a national pest control convention in the 1940s to provide such data. In 1982, Shumake et al [135] noted a range of effectiveness depending on frequency, intensity, and the environment and history of the rat population tested (e.g. prior exposure etc.).…”

Section: (1) Pest Repellentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are some people suffering as a result of increasing mass exposure of the public to ultrasound in air?

Leighton¹

2016

Proc. R. Soc. A.

125

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New measurements indicate that the public are being exposed, without their knowledge, to airborne ultrasound. Existing guidelines are insufficient for such exposures; the vast majority refers to occupational exposure only (where workers are aware of the exposure, can be monitored and can wear protection). Existing guidelines are based on an insufficient evidence base, most of which was collected over 40 years ago by researchers who themselves considered it insufficient to finalize guidelines, but which produced preliminary guidelines. This warning of inadequacy was lost as nations and organizations issued ‘new’ guidelines based on these early guidelines, and through such repetition generated a false impression of consensus. The evidence base is so slim that few reports have progressed far along the sequence from anecdote to case study, to formal scientific controlled trials and epidemiological studies. Early studies reported hearing threshold shifts, nausea, headache, fatigue, migraine and tinnitus, but there is insufficient research on human subjects, and insufficient measurement of fields, to assess what health risk current occupational and public exposures might produce. Furthermore, the assumptions underpinning audiology and physical measurements at high frequencies must be questioned: simple extrapolation of approaches used at lower frequencies does not address current unknowns. Recommendations are provided.

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“…The use of two units simultaneously, one randomly assigned on and one off for each trial was seen as the most expedient way to overcome time and facility-related constraints. The simultaneous presentation of treatments (on) and controls (off) has previously been undertaken in trials with audiogenic deterrents (Shumake et al 1982).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies have investigated the effectiveness of ultrasound as a deterrent in a variety of different species, including rodents (Sprock et al 1967;Greaves and Rowe 1969;Meehan 1976;Lavoie and Glahn 1977;Shumake et al 1982), deer (Curtis et al 1995;Belant et al 1998), bats (Hurley and Fenton 1980;van der Ree et. al.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Efficacy of an ultrasonic device as a deterrent to dingoes (Canis lupus dingo): a preliminary investigation

Edgar

Appleby

Jones

2006

J Ethol

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In April 2001, a 9-year-old child was attacked and killed by dingoes on Fraser Island, Australia. The Dingo Management Strategy formulated in response to this incident proposed ultrasonic deterrents as one of a number of non-lethal management techniques requiring further investigation. In this paper, we describe a preliminary examination of an ultrasonic deterrent to dingoes using four captive animals as test subjects. Although replication was minimal, the use of a simple experimental design, in combination with a flexible analytical technique, sufficiently demonstrated that the unit tested produced no measurable effect as a deterrent to test subjects.

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Variables Affecting Ultrasound Repellency in Philippine Rats

Cited by 8 publications

References 12 publications

Electronic rat-control devices – solution or scam? Results of field trials and a summary of the literary data

Electronic rat-control devices – solution or scam? Results of field trials and a summary of the literary data

Are some people suffering as a result of increasing mass exposure of the public to ultrasound in air?

Efficacy of an ultrasonic device as a deterrent to dingoes (Canis lupus dingo): a preliminary investigation

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