Variant Angina and Coronary Artery Spasm: The Clinical Spectrum, Pathophysiology, and Management

Kusama, Yoshiki; Kodani, Eitaro; Nakagomi, Akihiro; Otsuka, Toshiaki; Atarashi, Hirotsugu; Kuroda, Hiroshi; Mizuno, Kyoichi

doi:10.1272/jnms.78.4

Cited by 98 publications

(94 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…ST-elevation indicates transmural ischemia and corresponds to the distribution of the involved artery. 769 A circadian variation is often present; most attacks occur in the early morning. 770,771 The most prominent coronary risk factor is smoking.…”

Section: -767 (Level Of Evidence: B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

Amsterdam¹,

Wenger²,

Brindis³

et al. 2014

Circulation

1,098

908

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Section: -767 (Level Of Evidence: B)mentioning

confidence: 99%

2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

Amsterdam¹,

Wenger²,

Brindis³

et al. 2014

Circulation

1,098

908

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…They may have asymptomatic ischemia episodes, or they may be symptomatic with syncope that occurs as a re sult of severe arrhythmias, including VT, VF, and high degree atrioventricular block. 176,182 Untreated variant angina can result in MI, fatal arrhythmias, and sudden death, 176 so early treatment is imperative. Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with vaso spastic angina, including calcium channel blockers and nitrates, are available.…”

Section: Vasospastic Anginamentioning

confidence: 99%

Update to Practice Standards for Electrocardiographic Monitoring in Hospital Settings: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

Sandau¹,

Funk²,

Auerbach³

et al. 2017

Circulation

206

214

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Background and Purpose: This scientific statement provides an interprofessional, comprehensive review of evidence and recommendations for indications, duration, and implementation of continuous electro cardiographic monitoring of hospitalized patients. Since the original practice standards were published in 2004, new issues have emerged that need to be addressed: overuse of arrhythmia monitoring among a variety of patient populations, appropriate use of ischemia and QT-interval monitoring among select populations, alarm management, and documentation in electronic health records. Methods: Authors were commissioned by the American Heart Association and included experts from general cardiology, electrophysiology (adult and pediatric), and interventional cardiology, as well as a hospitalist and experts in alarm management. Strict adherence to the American Heart Association conflict of interest policy was maintained throughout the consensus process. Authors were assigned topics relevant to their areas of expertise, reviewed the literature with an emphasis on publications since the prior practice standards, and drafted recommendations on indications and duration for electrocardiographic monitoring in accordance with the American Heart Association Level of Evidence grading algorithm that was in place at the time of commissioning. Results: The comprehensive document is grouped into 5 sections: (1) Overview of Arrhythmia, Ischemia, and QTc Monitoring; (2) Recommendations for Indication and Duration of Electrocardiographic Monitoring presented by patient population; (3) Organizational Aspects: Alarm Management, Education of Staff, and Documentation; (4) Implementation of Practice Standards; and (5) Call for Research. Conclusions: Many of the recommendations are based on limited data, so authors conclude with specific questions for further research.

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“…In addition, there are several varieties of MI due to other endothelial dysfunction pathogenesis rather than atherosclerosis such as coronary spasm (Kusama, et al, 2011) or congenital anomalies (McCrindle, et al 2007), that could not be managed easily with angioplasty or coronary grafts (Gershlick & Thomas, 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“Flow and Rate”: Concept and Clinical Applications of a New Hemodynamic Theory

Nour¹

2012

Biophysics

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Variant Angina and Coronary Artery Spasm: The Clinical Spectrum, Pathophysiology, and Management

Cited by 98 publications

References 49 publications

2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

2014 AHA/ACC Guideline for the Management of Patients With Non–ST-Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes

Update to Practice Standards for Electrocardiographic Monitoring in Hospital Settings: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association

“Flow and Rate”: Concept and Clinical Applications of a New Hemodynamic Theory

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