Variant insertion element IS1 generates 8-base pair duplications of the target sequence

Iida, Shigeru; Marcoli, Roberto; Bickle, Thomas A.

doi:10.1038/294374a0

Cited by 26 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…ISJF generates duplication of an eight base pair sequence at the target site It has been shown that ISJK and ISIR generate a duplication of an 8 or 9 by sequence at the target site for transposition (4,8,13,17,35). Sequence analysis of ISIF and its neighboring chromosomal region in an insert showed that an 8 by sequence was duplicated at the junctions with the ISIF sequence in a direct orientation, as shown in Fig.…”

Section: Evolutionary Distancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is likely that the generation of the duplication of an 8 by target sequence by ISIF could be due to either alteration of the terminal inverted repeat sequences, or InsA or InsB protein, or both. Recent results obtained by IIDA et al (13) suggest that at least one of the possible explanations could be that a single base pair change in a terminal inverted repeat sequence of ISIR resulted in generation of an 8 by instead of a 9 by sequence at the target site.…”

Section: Evolutionary Distancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The sequences of IS] from the resistance plasmid R100, called IS1R, from the E. coli K12 chromosome, called IS1K, and from the Shigella dysenteriae chromosome, called ISID, showed about 1 % sequence divergence to each other. Another IS], named IS1(v; ), is 766 by in length, two by shorter than the other iso-ISIS, but had 5400 sequence homology, when compared with the other ISIs (13,15,17,36,37).…”

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confidence: 99%

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An evolutionary analysis of iso-is1 elements from Escherichia coli and Shigella strains.

Ohtsubo

Doroszkiewicz

et al. 1984

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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This paper describes an evolutionary analysis of ISI elements based on nucleotide sequence data from six iso-insertion elements of ISJ (isoISIs) which are present in chromosomes and plasmids of Escherichia coli and Shigella species as repeated sequences. The sequence comparison, which permitted construction of a phenogram, showed that the iso-ISIs can be divided into three groups. One group consists of four elements with 1 % nucleotide sequence divergence. A second and third group each consists of one element, with 10 % and 46 % divergence, respectively, to the first group. Despite their divergence, amino acid sequences in the two ISI encoded genes, insA and insB, and the terminal inverted repeat sequences, insL and insR, were found to be highly conserved. The evolutionary distance per site in the six sequences suggests that the ISI element has diverged to a greater degree than bacterial genes of known nucleotide sequences have. We postulate that the existence of a group of well conserved iso-ISIs and of highly diverged iso-ISIs may be due to the transposition ability of the ISJ element, generating repetitive sequences in both bacterial chromosomes and plasmids which can then independently diverge. We also discuss possible regulatory mechanisms of transposition mediated by ISI based on this analysis, including the influence of colon usage of insA and insB. The observed colon selection agrees well with those colons used by weakly expressed E. coli proteins.The insertion element ISI is one of a number of transposable DNA elements known in bacteria. An ISJ which is present in the resistance plasmid 8100 as a natural component, and thus termed ISIR, is composed of 768 by (12,34,36,37). Our genetic analysis has demonstrated that IS1R codes for two genes, named insA Abbreviations: bp, basepairs; kb, kilobasepairs; Kd, kilodaltons. 359

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Section: Evolutionary Distancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Evolutionary Distancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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An evolutionary analysis of iso-is1 elements from Escherichia coli and Shigella strains.

Ohtsubo

Doroszkiewicz

et al. 1984

J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol.

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“…Most studies on target sequences for IS) insertion, for transposition of ISI-flanked transposons, and for cointegration mediated by IS] revealed the generation of 9-bp direct repeats at the target DNA (2-4, [16][17][18][19]. However, an IS) variant was seen to generate 8-bp target duplications upon cointegration (19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, an IS) variant was seen to generate 8-bp target duplications upon cointegration (19). This IS1 variant originated from bacteriophage P1 and it has 1 bp altered within one of its terminal inverted repeats (refs.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Transposable element IS1 intrinsically generates target duplications of variable length.

Iida¹,

Hiestand-Nauer²,

Arber³

1985

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Target duplication during transposition is one of the characteristics of mobile genetic elements. IS], a resident insertion element of Escherichia coli K-12, was known to generate a 9-base-pair target duplication, while an IS] variant, characterized by a nucleotide substitution in one of its terminal inverted repeats, was reported to duplicate 8 base pairs of its target during cointegration. We have constructed a series of transposons flanked by copies of either the normal or the variant IS]. The analysis of their transposition products revealed that transposons with normal termini as well as those with variant termini can intrinsically generate either 9-or 8-base-pair target duplications. We also observed that a normal IS) from the host chromosome generated an 8-basepair repeat. The possible relevance of the observation for the understanding of transposition processes and models to explain the variable length of target duplications are discussed.

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IS2 insertion is a major cause of spontaneous mutagenesis of the bacteriophage P1: non-random distribution of target sites.

Sengstag

Arber

1983

The EMBO Journal

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Insertion mutations arising spontaneously in the P1 prophage and affecting vegetative phage reproduction were screened for the presence of insertion sequence 2 (IS2). Filter hybridization identified 28 out of 44 independent insertions as IS2. Their target specificity is not random. A region that amounts to < 2% of the phage genome had trapped 15 of the 28 IS2 elements. However, precise mapping of nine mutants in this hot spot segment revealed no preferred insertion site. Rather, the nine IS2 are distributed over the whole target segment and IS2 are found in both orientations. Sequence data indicate that at least two sequence variants of IS2 participated in mutagenesis of the phage genome. The detectable transposition of IS2 from the host chromosome to the prophage occurs with a frequency of 3 x 10-5 per cell per generation under the particular experimental conditions. It is concluded that IS2, a natural resident of Escherichia coli KU strains, is an important agent for spontaneous mutagenesis and exerts this action non-randomly along the genome.

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Variant insertion element IS1 generates 8-base pair duplications of the target sequence

Cited by 26 publications

References 31 publications

An evolutionary analysis of iso-is1 elements from Escherichia coli and Shigella strains.

An evolutionary analysis of iso-is1 elements from Escherichia coli and Shigella strains.

Transposable element IS1 intrinsically generates target duplications of variable length.

IS2 insertion is a major cause of spontaneous mutagenesis of the bacteriophage P1: non-random distribution of target sites.

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