Variation in human diel activity patterns mediates periodic increases in recreational activity on mammal behavioural response: investigating the presence of a temporal ‘weekend effect’

Green, Austin M.; Young, Emily; Keller, Hailey; Grace, Trayl; Pendergast, Mary E.; Şekercioǧlu, Çaǧan H.

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.02.002

Animal Behaviour

2023

DOI: 10.1016/j.anbehav.2023.02.002

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Variation in human diel activity patterns mediates periodic increases in recreational activity on mammal behavioural response: investigating the presence of a temporal ‘weekend effect’

Austin M. Green

Emily Young

Hailey Keller

et al.

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Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

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Seasonal activity patterns and home range sizes of wolves in the human‐dominated landscape of northeast Türkiye

Blount,

Green,

Chynoweth

et al. 2024

Wildlife Biology

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Gray wolves Canis lupus comprise one of the most widely distributed carnivore species on the planet, but they face myriad environmental and anthropogenic pressures. Previous research suggests that wolves adjust their time‐ and space‐use seasonally to mitigate risks from humans, conspecifics, and other predators while maximizing their hunting and reproductive success. With many populations of wolves resettling in areas with dense human populations, understanding how wolves may adjust their temporal and spatial patterns in these more human‐dominated landscapes is of high conservation importance. Typically, human presence causes wolves to increase their nocturnality and home range size. Here, we look at how seasonal home range size and diel activity patterns among resident and non‐resident wolves differ in an ecosystem that experiences significant differences in human activity between seasons. While non‐resident wolves had larger home ranges than resident wolves, there were no differences in home range sizes within residents and non‐residents between seasons, suggesting that seasonal changes in human presence had no effect on home range size. The activity patterns of wolves were similar between seasons, but resident wolves had greater overlap with humans and were more active than non‐resident wolves when humans were less present in the landscape. Both resident and non‐resident wolves showed increased nocturnality, with both groups selecting for nocturnality more strongly in the nomadic season. This is the first study of tracking Türkiye's wolves and offers the first descriptions of the temporal and spatial trends of GPS‐collared wolves in this highly human‐dominated environment.

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Seasonal activity patterns and home range sizes of wolves in the human‐dominated landscape of northeast Türkiye

Blount,

Green,

Chynoweth

et al. 2024

Wildlife Biology

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Temporal activity patterns of bears, wolves and humans in the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain

Vicedo,

Meloro,

Penteriani

et al. 2023

Eur J Wildl Res

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Human-wildlife coexistence is important for a sustainable relationship between humans and the natural environment. However, human activities often act as a disturbance to wild animals, which may show behavioural shifts indicating human avoidance. For large carnivores, which are prone to conflict with many human interests, coexistence with humans can be particularly challenging. We used long-term camera trap data to evaluate seasonal and diel variations in activity of two large carnivores, the brown bear (Ursus arctos) and the grey wolf (Canis lupus), as well as humans in the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain. Brown bears were less active in winter than in summer; the opposite was observed for wolves, whereas there was limited seasonal variation in human activity. On a diel scale, both bears and wolves were mostly crepuscular during summer and had less distinct, but generally more nocturnal activity during winter. Humans were strictly diurnal during both seasons. We suggest that the diel activity of bears and wolves was partially caused by human avoidance, but that seasonal variations in both overall and diel activity were mainly caused by ecological and physiological factors. While we suggest that the observed similarity in diel activity of bears and wolves did not have caused strong competition between these two species, it may have influenced interactions with other predators and prey. Since such interactions are likely to be context dependent, we urge for further studies evaluating how humans influence the behaviour of large carnivores across different spatio-temporal scales.

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Human recreation influences activity of a large carnivore in an urban landscape

Bolas,

Pingatore,

Mathur

et al. 2025

Biological Conservation

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Variation in human diel activity patterns mediates periodic increases in recreational activity on mammal behavioural response: investigating the presence of a temporal ‘weekend effect’

Cited by 6 publications

References 59 publications

Seasonal activity patterns and home range sizes of wolves in the human‐dominated landscape of northeast Türkiye

Seasonal activity patterns and home range sizes of wolves in the human‐dominated landscape of northeast Türkiye

Temporal activity patterns of bears, wolves and humans in the Cantabrian Mountains, northern Spain

Human recreation influences activity of a large carnivore in an urban landscape

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