Variation in macrominerals and trace elements in cows’ retail milk and implications for consumers nutrition

Newton, Eric E.; Pétursdóttir, Ásta H.; Beauclercq, Stéphane; Clarke, James Stanier; Desnica, Natasa; Stergiadis, Sokratis

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.135809

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The iodine concentration of conventional milk is highly variable as seasonality and farming practices can affect milk iodine concentration; summer milk has been shown to have a lower iodine content than winter milk [ 33 , 52 ]. As a result, milk iodine concentration can range from 9.5 µg/100 g to 45 µg/100 g, depending on the season [ 33 ]. Our study highlights that the nutritional implications of replacing milk with PBMAs are not identical across all at-risk population groups supporting the need for individual variability when making dietary recommendations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Briefly, an aggregate quantity of iodine, per gram, for each milk food or recipe code was multiplied by the intake in grams per day for each participant. Retail milk-iodine concentration can vary due to differences in agricultural practices, such as dairy management system, animal diet, and breed [ 33 ], therefore the iodine concentration of milk in the UK food tables ranged from 20–41 µg/100 g.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of replacing milk with plant-based alternatives on iodine intake: a dietary modelling study

Nicol,

Nugent,

Woodside

et al. 2024

Eur J Nutr

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Purpose Cow’s milk is the primary source of iodine in the UK, but consumption of plant-based milk alternatives (PBMA) is increasing and these products are often not fortified with iodine. We evaluated the impact that replacing current milk consumption with PBMA would have on iodine intake. Methods We used data from the National Diet and Nutrition Survey (2016–2019) for children (1.5–10 years), girls 11–18 years, and women of reproductive age (WRA). We used a dietary modelling approach with scenarios using brand-level iodine-fortification data (0, 13, 22.5, 27.4 and 45 µg/100 mL). Relative to usual diet, we calculated change in iodine intake, and the proportion with intake below the Lower Reference Nutrient Intake (LRNI) or above the upper limit. Results For all groups, replacement with PBMA, either unfortified or fortified at the lowest concentration, resulted in a meaningful decrease in iodine intake, and increased the proportion with intake < LRNI; compared to usual diet, iodine intake reduced by 58% in children 1.5–3 years (127 vs. 53 µg/day) and the proportion with intake < LRNI increased in girls (11–18 years; 20% to 48%) and WRA (13% to 33%) if an unfortified PBMA was used. Replacement of milk with PBMA fortified at 27.4 µg/100 mL had the lowest impact. Conclusion Replacing milk with commercially available PBMAs has potential to reduce population iodine intake, depending on the fortification level. PBMAs fortified with ≥ 22.5 and < 45 µg iodine/100 mL would be required to minimize the impact on iodine intake. Research is needed on the impact of total dairy replacement.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The impact of replacing milk with plant-based alternatives on iodine intake: a dietary modelling study

Nicol,

Nugent,

Woodside

et al. 2024

Eur J Nutr

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“…6 In addition, the use of rapeseed could reduce iodine concentration in milk, thus restricting the supply of iodine to the population from its most important sources, which are milk and dairy products. 7,8 Wheat distillers' grains (WDG) are by-products of the ethanol industry that are commonly used as a feed ingredient in dairy cow diets and are an alternative protein source that can replace RSM. 3 It was previously shown that WDG with solubles produced in Europe can be used at high inclusion levels to up to 225 g kg −1 of diet DM without affecting DM intake and milk yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some rapeseed varieties are also high in glucosinolates that have shown adverse effects on ruminal fermentation and nutrient digestibility in a study with steers, 5 and posing a risk to food safety if extensively used in dairy rations 6 . In addition, the use of rapeseed could reduce iodine concentration in milk, thus restricting the supply of iodine to the population from its most important sources, which are milk and dairy products 7,8 . Wheat distillers' grains (WDG) are by‐products of the ethanol industry that are commonly used as a feed ingredient in dairy cow diets and are an alternative protein source that can replace RSM 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of dietary protein source and Saccharina latissima on nutritional and safety characteristics of milk

Wang,

Ormston,

Płatosz

et al. 2024

J Sci Food Agric

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BackgroundWheat distillers' grains (WDG) and seaweeds are recommended as alternative protein sources and enteric methane mitigators in dairy cow diets, respectively, but little is known about their impact on milk quality and safety. In the present study, 16 cows in four 4 × 4 latin squares were fed iso‐nitrogenous diets (50:50 forage: concentrate ratio), with rapeseed meal (RSM)‐based or WDG‐based concentrate (230 and 205 g kg−1 DM) and supplemented with or without Saccharina latissima.ResultsReplacement of RSM with WDG enhanced milk nutritional profile by decreasing milk atherogenicity (P = 0.002) and thrombogenicity (P = 0.019) indices and the concentrations of the nutritionally undesirable saturated fatty acids, specifically lauric (P = 0.045), myristic (P = 0.022) and palmitic (P = 0.007) acids. It also increased milk concentrations of the nutritionally beneficial vaccenic (P < 0.001), oleic (P = 0.030), linoleic (P < 0.001), rumenic (P < 0.001), α‐linolenic (P = 0.012) acids and total monounsaturated (P = 0.044), polyunsaturated (P < 0.001), and n‐6 (P < 0.001) fatty acids. Feeding Saccharina latissima at 35.7 g/cow/d did not affect the nutritionally relevant milk fatty acids or pose any risk on milk safety, as bromoform concentrations in milk were negligible and unaffected by the dietary treatments. It however slightly reduced milk concentrations of pantothenate.ConclusionFeeding WDG to dairy cows improved the milk FA profiles, by increasing the concentrations of the nutritionally beneficial fatty acids and reducing the concentration of the nutritionally undesirable saturated fatty acids; while feeding seaweed slightly reduced pantothenate concentrations. However, when considering the current average milk intakes in the population, the milk compositional differences between treatments in this study appear relatively small to affect human health.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.

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Variation in milk‑iodine concentration around the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the difference between season and dairy-production system

Tattersall,

Peiris,

Arai

et al. 2024

Food Chemistry

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Variation in macrominerals and trace elements in cows’ retail milk and implications for consumers nutrition

Cited by 4 publications

References 46 publications

The impact of replacing milk with plant-based alternatives on iodine intake: a dietary modelling study

The impact of replacing milk with plant-based alternatives on iodine intake: a dietary modelling study

Effect of dietary protein source and Saccharina latissima on nutritional and safety characteristics of milk

Variation in milk‑iodine concentration around the world: a systematic review and meta-analysis of the difference between season and dairy-production system

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