Variation in partial resistance to barley leaf rust (Puccinia hordei) and agronomic characters of Ethiopian landrace lines

Abstract

An inventory of 481 lines derived from 12 Ethiopian barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) landraces and the checks was made for partial resistance to Puccinia hordei under greenhouse and field conditions at Adet, Ambo and Sinana Agricultural Research Centers in 2003 and 2004 cropping seasons in Ethiopia. The experiments were laid out in a triple lattice design.Each plot consisted of two rows of 1-m long with spacing of 0.20 m between rows. The overall mean leaf rust epidemics varied from area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) of 86 to 1,835. The disease was as high as AUDPC 1,378 on the susceptible check L94. Highly significant variations were recorded between and within the landraces/lines in leaf rust incidence, severity, days to heading, plant height, thousand seed weight and yield. Similarly, the variations between and within barley groups from three altitude areas and three ear-types were significant. Landraces 1686, 3255, 3262 and 3783 had the least and landraces 219900, 3975 and 3980 had the highest leaf rust severity. Of the 481 lines tested, 413 (86%) had significantly lower disease than the susceptible check, but not than the partial resistant check Vada. In contrast, the yields were more for lines with less disease than for those with high. The frequency of resistant landraces/lines was more in altitude 2,301-2,500 m, and irregular and two rows ear-types than in lower altitude areas and six rows ear-type. Nevertheless, the correlation and regression analysis revealed the adverse effect of the disease in the yields of barley. The 413 lines with high infection types at seedling stage and lower AUDPC under field conditions possess partial resistance to leaf rust.

Monitoring the photosystem II behavior of wild and cultivated barley in response to progressive water stress and rehydration using OJIP chlorophyll a fluorescence transient

“…Barley is one of the most important cereal crops in the world and the second significant agricultural product of Iran (Woldeab et al, 2007).Since the cultivation of barley is mostly extended in arid and semiarid parts of Iran, encountering the drought stress during the growth is inevitable. Wild barley (Hordeum spantaneum) is an annual grass and is known as progenitor of cultivated barley.…”

A Comparative Study of Genetic Diversity in Wheat Variant Lines Based on Morphological Traits and ISSR and RAPD Markers

“…This investigation was carried out at two Experimental Farms Sakha Agriculture Research Station and Nubari Research Station, Egypt during 2006/2007and 2007/2008 seasons. Two wheat varieties (Gemmisa-1 and Sakha-69) and their somaclonal variant lines obtained through in vitro selection among cells under different levels of pfluorophenylalanine (PFP) (Abouzied, 2004), as well as, two check varieties were used to establish the experimental materials for this investigation.…”

“…The scale of reaction had a constant value; i.e., R= 0.2, MR= 0.4, X=0.6, MS= 0.8 and S=1.0. The constant value was multiplied with severity score of each genotype to obtain average coefficient of infection (ACI) (Stubbs et al, 1986;and Woldeab et al, 2007). ACI was calculated.…”

Multivariate Patterns of Diversity in Ethiopian Barleys

“…The variability has been assessed for leaft rust Parlevliet, 1996, 1997;Woldeab et al, 2007). There are virtually no eff ective race specifi c genes against this disease in the germplasm, although both Rph7 and Rph9 have been reported from Ethiopia, the former with a haplotype also found in South America, indicating a common origin in the Fertile Crescent (Scherrer et al, 2005).…”