Variation in performance of western flower thrips populations on susceptible and partially resistant cucumber

Abstract

Variation in performance of western flower thrips populations on susceptible and partially resistant cucumber de Kogel, W.J.; van der Hoek, M.; Mollema, C. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible. Key words: Frankliniella occidentalis, Cucumis sativus, biotype, host plant resistance, life history, population growth rate AbstractBiotypic variation is of major concern in breeding for host plant resistance to insects. The existence or development of aggressive biotypes can lead to a rapid break-down of host plant resistance. Therefore the study of biotypic variation should be included in breeding programs for resistance to insects. In the present study we measured the reproduction of randomly collected females of ten different populations of the insect herbivore Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on one susceptible and two resistant cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) accessions. Significant differences between thrips populations were observed on all three cucumber accessions. None of the populations had a significantly higher reproduction than the Dutch reference population NL1. For three populations, the Dutch population NL1, a population from New Zealand (NZ), and an Italian population (IT), partial life history parameters, such as reproduction rate, developmental time and survival were determined and the relative rate of increase r r was calculated. On all three cucumber accessions the r r -value of population NZ was lower than of populations NL1 and IT. It is concluded that there is biotypic variation in F. occidentalis with regard to performance on cucumber plants with different levels of resistance. Reproduction is a good criterion for differentiating biotypes of F. occidentalis on cucumber.

Oviposition preference of western flower thrips for cucumber leaves from different positions along the plant stem

“…Previous work on the same cucumber accessions, showed that other life history traits that contribute to thrips reproductive success, such as pre-adult survival, correlate well with the observed differences in reproduction on the susceptible and resistant cucumber accessions used in our study (Soria & Mollema, 1995). Furthermore, de Kogel et al (1997) showed that on cucumber accessions on which thrips have a high reproduction, also r m is high. On accessions on which reproduction is reduced, also r m is lower.…”

Simulation Model for Population Dynamics ofFrankliniella occidentalis(Thysanoptera: Thripidae) on Greenhouse Cucumber

“…A wide range in variation for fecundity of F. occidentalis was found in the literature. The fecundity equation derived from the results of Gaum et al (1994) underestimated thrips reproduction at 25ЊC when compared with fecundity that was obtained by van Rijn et al (1995) and de Kogel et al (1997). Therefore, for the Þrst step of model validation, the tuning parameter R in equation 3 was adjusted such that the highest goodness-of-Þt was obtained for simulation outputs against the high-density greenhouse data.…”

“…Published data on the life history of thrips indicate that several life history parameters (reproduction rate, sex ratio and preadult survival for F. occidentalis) have a wide range of variation at different temperatures (Lewis 1973, Gaum et al 1994), on different host plants (van Rijn et al 1995, de Kogel et al 1997, Lowry et al1992 or from different regional populations (de Kogel et al 1997). However, differences in developmental times for F. occidentalis on different cucumber varieties have Ͻ10% variation among the studies (Gaum et al 1994, van Rijn et al 1995, Soria and Mollema, 1995, Jarosik et al 1997.…”

“…Soria and Mollema (1995) found that the developmental rate on cucumber leaf discs is much less affected by plant genotype as compared with the components of net reproduction (such as juvenile survival and ovipositional rate). On the same varieties of cucumber, the most dramatic differences among populations from The Netherlands, New Zealand, and Italy were found in the reproduction rate and preadult survival parameters (de Kogel et al 1997). Therefore, these life history parameters were chosen for sensitivity analysis to examine the impact of their variation on thrips population dynamics.…”

Antixenosis and Antibiosis of Common Beans to <I>Thrips palmi</I> Karny (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)

“…Knowledge about mechanisms of host plant resistance to thrips has been mainly derived from studies on other species, in particular on the onion thrips, Thrips tabaci L. (Stoner andShelton 1988, Shelton et al 1998), and the western ßower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (De Jager et al 1995, Soria and Mollema 1995, Van Dijken et al 1997, De Kogel et al 1997a). Antixenosis was found in some cowpea cultivars, inßuencing oviposition of the bean ßower thrips, Megalurothrips sjostedti (Trybom) (Salifu et al 1988).…”