Variation in season of birth in singleton and multiple births concordant for autism spectrum disorders

Lee, Li Ching; Newschaffer, Craig J.; Lessler, Justin; Lee, Brian K.; Shah, Rashmi; Zimmerman, Andrew W.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3016.2007.00919.x

Cited by 43 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Studies of neurodevelopmental disorders have been fewer in number, largely restricted to autistic spectrum disorder (ASD) and have produced contradictory results. Some studies have demonstrated seasonal patterns for ASD (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9), but others have not (10)(11)(12)(13). The aim of this study was to determine whether the risk of children having special educational needs varies by month of conception and, if so, whether seasonality is restricted to specific causes of special educational needs, such as ASD.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Month of Conception and Learning Disabilities: A Record-Linkage Study of 801,592 Children

Mackay¹,

Smith²,

Cooper³

et al. 2016

Am. J. Epidemiol.

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Learning disabilities have profound, long-lasting health sequelae. Affected children born over one year in the United States of America generated an estimated lifetime cost of $51.2 billion. Studies suggest autistic spectrum disorder may vary by season of birth, but few studies have examined whether this is also true of other causes of learning disabilities. We undertook Scotland-wide record linkage of education (annual pupil census) and maternity (Scottish Morbidity Record 02) databases for 801,592 singleton children attending Scottish schools 2006-2011. We modelled monthly rates using principal sine and cosine transformations of the month number, and demonstrated cyclicity in the percentage of children with special educational needs; highest among children conceived in the first quarter (January-March) and lowest in the third (July-September) (8.9% vs 7.6%, p<0.001). Seasonal variations were specific to autistic spectrum disorder, intellectual disabilities, and learning difficulties (eg dyslexia), and were absent for sensory or motor/physical impairments, and mental, physical or communication problems. Seasonality accounted for 11.4% (95% confidence interval (CI) 9.0, 13.7) of all cases. Some biologically plausible causes of this variation, such as infection and maternal vitamin D levels, are potentially amendable to intervention.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Month of Conception and Learning Disabilities: A Record-Linkage Study of 801,592 Children

Mackay¹,

Smith²,

Cooper³

et al. 2016

Am. J. Epidemiol.

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“…A previous study [11] showed that the birth date distribution for individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD), including singletons and multiple births, differed from the general population. The presence of seasonal trends in ASD singletons and concordant multiple births suggested a role for non-heritable factors operating during the pre-or perinatal period, even among cases with a genetic susceptibility [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other potentially relevant factors that frequently vary by season include variations in nutrient intake by (pregnant) mother and deficiencies in nutritional factors such as vitamin D [2], maternal allergies during pregnancies [3], and exposure to pesticides (organophosphates and organochlorines) [4]. Previous studies have shown variable conclusions as to a specific month of birth that contributed to an enhanced risk of development of symptoms of autism within the first few years of life [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. However, not all studies have found an association between month or season of birth and autism [13][14][15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The presence of seasonal trends in ASD singletons and concordant multiple births suggests a role for non-heritable factors operating during the pre-or perinatal period, even among cases with a genetic susceptibility [17]. Although several studies have been conducted on this topic [11,12], it is potentially of great public health importance in view of the burden of ASD, which in European countries and the USA affects 60-100 per 10,000 children [18,20,23,24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Distribution of Month of Birth of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Differs from the General Population in the Netherlands

Cieślińska¹,

Simmelink²,

Teodorowicz³

et al. 2017

Autism - Paradigms, Recent Research and Clinical Applications

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The prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) is causally dependent on genetic and environmental influences. We investigated whether autism spectrum disorders are associated with month of birth compared to the general population using a retrospective study, comparing ASD cases (n = 3478) with the general population (n = 2,716,876) born between 1995 and 2008. Associations were examined using χ 2 tests and Walter and Elwood's seasonality χ 2 tests for the total ASD group, and separately for autistic disorder and Asperger syndrome. For the total ASD group, the distribution of month of birth was different compared to the general population (p < 0.0001), with July as the highest contributor, and a season-ofbirth effect was found for this group (p = 0.02). For the autistic disorder group, the months of birth distribution were different (p = 0.01), with July as the highest contributor. No seasonof-birth effect over the year was found (p = 0.09). No association was found for the months of birth of individuals with Asperger syndrome (p = 0.06), with no seasonal trend over the year (p = 0.60). In conclusion, a drop in sun exposure during the first trimester of pregnancy might explain the peak in July births and the associated risk for ASD development.

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“…Une méta-analyse a aussi révélé un lien important entre les naissances estivales et le TSA 157 . Des faits contradictoires sont toutefois présents dans plusieurs études 144,[178][179][180][181] .…”

Section: Autres Caractéristiques De La Naissanceunclassified

Facteurs environnementaux associés au trouble du spectre de l’autisme : étude de délimitation portant sur les années 2003 à 2013

Montigny

Ofner

et al. 2017

Promotion De La Santé Et Prévention Des Maladies Chroniques Au Canada

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Introduction Le nombre d’enfants chez lesquels on diagnostique un trouble du spectre de l’autisme (TSA) grimpe rapidement depuis une décennie. L’étiologie de ce trouble est toutefois en grande partie inconnue, même si la contribution de l’environnement est importante par rapport à celle de la génétique. Nous avons procédé à une étude de délimitation pour évaluer en détail l’état actuel des connaissances sur les facteurs environnementaux présents depuis le stade de la préconception jusqu’au début de la vie que l’on associe au TSA et pour dégager les lacunes de la recherche. Méthodologie Nous avons cherché dans les bases de données électroniques MEDLINE, PsycINFO et ERIC des articles portant sur des facteurs de risque potentiels ou des facteurs de protection des environnements physiques et sociaux associés au TSA et à ses sous-catégories entre le 1er janvier 2003 et le 12 juillet 2013. Nous avons regroupé les articles en thèmes généraux en fonction de l’exposition environnementale : facteurs chimiques, physiologiques, nutritionnels et sociaux. Résultats Nous avons trouvé plus de 50 000 publications, mais après élimination des études inadmissibles il est resté 315 articles. La plupart de ces études portaient sur les facteurs psychologiques, suivis de près par les facteurs chimiques et, à un degré beaucoup moindre, les facteurs nutritionnels et sociaux associés au TSA. En dépit d’une masse importante de publications et de nombreuses études hétérogènes, quelques facteurs de risque se sont démarqués régulièrement : facteurs chimiques comme les polluants atmosphériques causés par la circulation; facteurs physiologiques, dont l’âge avancé des parents, les naissances prématurées, l’insuffisance de poids à la naissance, l’hyperbilirubinémie et les grappes de complications de la grossesse et enfin le statut de la mère vis-à-vis de l’immigration. En dépit de recherches poussées sur les vaccins, les faits révèlent de façon écrasante que rien n’appuie l’existence d’un lien avec le TSA. Conclusion Le manque d’uniformité, de temporalité et de spécificité des liens entre les facteurs environnementaux et le TSA demeure l’obstacle le plus important dans l’établissement de liens de cause à effet. Une recherche plus robuste s’impose pour supprimer le manque d’uniformité dans les publications. Les recherches futures devraient porter sur des mécanismes sous-jacents des liens entre facteurs de risque que nous avons identifiés et le TSA.

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Variation in season of birth in singleton and multiple births concordant for autism spectrum disorders

Cited by 43 publications

References 39 publications

Month of Conception and Learning Disabilities: A Record-Linkage Study of 801,592 Children

Month of Conception and Learning Disabilities: A Record-Linkage Study of 801,592 Children

Distribution of Month of Birth of Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder Differs from the General Population in the Netherlands

Facteurs environnementaux associés au trouble du spectre de l’autisme : étude de délimitation portant sur les années 2003 à 2013

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