Variation in severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections with subtype

McConnochie, Kenneth M.; Hall, Caroline Breese; Walsh, Edward E.; Roghmann, Klaus J.

doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(05)82443-6

Cited by 189 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Because of the genetic heterogeneity of both RSV subgroups detection of RSV-B by a RSV-A specific qPCR is excluded. This limits the method to detection of RSV-A only, but since RSV-A is more prevalent [7][8][9] it does not limit the interpretation of the data presented here. Moreover the assay outlined in this study allows for a differentiated statement on the implication of RSV in different diseases.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in pulmonary diseases

Borg¹,

Rohde²,

Löseke³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

102

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is known to cause acute lower respiratory tract infections (ARI) in young children and is involved in exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in adults. The role of RSV in stable COPD and the viral load in different respiratory diseases has not been investigated to date.The present authors established and evaluated a quantitative TaqMan1 real-time polymerase chain reaction assay specific for RSV subgroup A. Absolute quantification for the determination of viral load input was achieved using a control plasmid. The assay allowed for a quantification over aw6-log range and a detection limit ofv10 RSV copies per reaction mixture.The assay was 30 times more sensitive than conventional nested polymerase chain reaction assays. Interassay SD was 1.3 and coefficient of variation 4.7% on average. Clinical specimens from infants with ARI (n=62) and elderly adults with COPD (n=125) were compared for viral loads. A total of 47% RSV-positive samples were found in the ARI study group and 28% in the COPD study group. The viral load of both study groups was found to differ significantly. In the ARI study group the viral load was increased almost 2000-fold, suggesting acute infection in this group and former or latent infection in the COPD group.Respiratory syncytial virus-A specific TaqMan1 real-time polymerase chain reaction assay is a sensitive and rapid method for the determination of viral load in clinical samples. It enables differential statements concerning the involvement of respiratory syncytial virus in acute lower respiratory tract infections and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease to be achieved. Eur Respir J 2003; 21: 944-951.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…In children subgroup A strains were detected at least three times as often as subgroup B in most years [7]. Moreover it has been shown that the course of disease for infections with RSV strain A is usually more severe [8,9].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in pulmonary diseases

Borg¹,

Rohde²,

Löseke³

et al. 2003

Eur Respir J

102

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“…A score of Ն3 was categorized as severe disease. 21 Underlying condition was defined as the presence of 1 of the following: CHD, CLD of prematurity, reactive airway disease, 2 or more previous hospitalizations for respiratory infection, history of mechanical ventilation, or immunodeficiency. Prematurity was defined as gestational age Ͻ36 weeks.…”

Section: Assessment Of Disease Severitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To avoid a subjective assessment of disease severity, we used a previously published severity index. 21 According to this index, 1 point each was assigned for apnea, pH Ͻ7.35, Pco 2 Ͼ45, Sao 2 Ͻ87%, and length of stay Ͼ5 days, and 2 points were assigned for mechanical ventilation. The severity index for each subject was the sum of the points (the total possible score was 7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Navajo and White Mountain Apache Children

Bocková

O’Brien²,

Oski³

et al. 2002

Pediatrics

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ABSTRACT. Objective. The hospitalization rate for bronchiolitis of any cause among US children younger than 1 year is estimated at 31.2 per 1000. No data exist on respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-specific hospitalization rates among high-risk Native Americans other than Alaska Natives, for whom the incidence of RSV hospitalization was estimated at 150 per 1000 among infants younger than 1 year. We aimed to estimate RSV hospitalization rates among Navajo and White Mountain Apache children younger than 2 years.Methods. We conducted prospective population-level hospital-based surveillance to determine RSV hospitalization rates among Navajo and White Mountain Apache children younger than 2 years. From 1997 to 2000, all children who were admitted for acute lower respiratory tract infection between October 1 and March 31 had a nasopharyngeal aspirate obtained and tested for RSV by commercial enzyme immunoassay kits. We reviewed charts of children who tested positive for RSV antigen to determine disease severity.Results. During 3 RSV seasons (1997-2000), 51.3% of 1837 admissions for acute lower respiratory tract infection among children younger than 2 years were attributed to RSV infection. The overall seasonal RSV hospitalization rate among children younger than 2 years was 63.6 per 1000 and 91.3 per 1000 among children younger than 1 year. In a univariate analysis, predictors of severity included age <6 months (relative risk: 6.8; 95% confidence interval: 3.1-17.0).Conclusions. Navajo and White Mountain Apache children are at high risk for RSV disease requiring hospitalization. A lower threshold for hospitalization or underlying chronic conditions that predispose to severe RSV disease do not seem to explain high RSV hospitalization rates in this population. Pediatrics 2002;110(2). URL: http://www.pediatrics.org/cgi/content/full/110/2/ e20; respiratory syncytial virus, American Indian, hospitalization, lower respiratory tract infection, bronchiolitis, surveillance.ABBREVIATIONS. RSV, respiratory syncytial virus; CHD, congenital heart disease; CLD, chronic lung disease; ALRI, acute lower respiratory tract infection; IHS, Indian Health Service; NP, nasopharyngeal aspirate; JHH, Johns Hopkins Hospital; OR, odds ratio. R espiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a leading cause of lower respiratory tract disease and hospitalization among young children throughout the world. 1,2 The rates of hospitalization for bronchiolitis of any cause among US children younger than 1 year are estimated to be between 31 and 41 per 1000 children by studies of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision discharge codes. 3,4 During the past 2 decades, RSV attributable hospitalization rates among young US children have increased from 12.9 per 1000 to 31.2 per 1000. 3 Known risk factors for serious RSV infection include congenital heart disease (CHD), chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD), prematurity, immunodeficiency, male gender, crowding, passive smoke exposure, lack of breastfeeding, 4,5-14 and low titers of passively acquire...

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“…The viruses of group A are being isolated more frequently than those of group B, which is most probably due to the higher variability of A viruses. It also seems that viruses of group A induce more severe infections than strains of group B (McConnochie et al, 1990). Moreover, it was found that viruses isolated in geographically distant places over several years can be more related than viruses isolated in one place over a few days .…”

Section: Epizootiology Of the Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

The antigenic and genetic variability of bovine respiratory syncytial virus with emphasis on the G protein

Valentová¹

2003

Vet. Med.

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Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) and related human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) are major respiratory tract pathogens in calves and infants, respectively. Great attention is now paid to prevention of the disease caused by these agents. Glycoprotein G is the most variable viral protein and antigenic grouping of RSV isolates is based on distinct antigenic reactivity patterns determined with a set of G protein specific mAbs. Genetic variability of the G protein is used during epidemiology and epizootiology studies of HRSV and BRSV diseases, respectively. The constant genetic drift can be observed within G protein sequences. Both cell-mediated and antibody-mediated immune responses contribute to efficient protection against RSV infection. The neutralizing antibodies are induced by F and G proteins. The G protein fails to induce cytotoxic lymphocytes response and may causes aberrant Th2 response leading to enhancement of clinical symptoms in subsequently infected vaccines. The G as the most variable viral protein associated with immunopathologic effect is a critical factor in vaccine development.

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Variation in severity of respiratory syncytial virus infections with subtype

Cited by 189 publications

References 22 publications

Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in pulmonary diseases

Evaluation of a quantitative real-time PCR for the detection of respiratory syncytial virus in pulmonary diseases

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Navajo and White Mountain Apache Children

The antigenic and genetic variability of bovine respiratory syncytial virus with emphasis on the G protein

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