Variation in Sexual and Asexual Reproduction among Young and Old Populations of the Perennial Macrophyte Sparganium erectum

Piquot, Yves; Petit, D.; Valéro, Myriam; Cuguen, Joël; Laguerie, Patrick de; Vernet, Philippe

doi:10.2307/3546924

Cited by 109 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…negative genetic correlations, between life-history traits can constrain their evolution. For sexual vs. vegetative reproduction both kinds of trade-off have been reported (physiological: Watson and Caspar, 1984;Piquot et al, 1998;Prati, 1998;genetic: Gebel' et ai., 1992;Prati and Schmid, 2000). The hierarchical organisation of clonal plants into ramets and genets may also lead to trade-offs between these levels, which, however, are hardly explored.…”

Section: Constraints On Adaptive Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evolution of clonal plant life histories

Fischer

Kleunen

2002

Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of Clonal Plants

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Abstract. Clonal plant life histories are special in at least four respects: (I) Clonal plants can also reproduce vegetatively, (2) vegetative reproduction can be realised with short or long spacers, (3) a nd it may allow to plastically place vegetative offspring in benign patches. (4) Moreover, ramets of clonal plants may remain physically and physiologically integrated. Because of the apparent utility of such traits and because ecological patterns of distribution of clonal and non clonal plants differ, adaptation is a tempting explanation of observed clonal life history variation. However, adaptivc evolution requires (I) heri table genetic variation and (2) a trait effect on fitness, a nd (3) it may be cons trained if other evolutionary forces are overriding selection or hy constraints, costs and trade offs. (I) The few studies undertaken so far reported broad sense heritability for clonal traits. Variation in selectively neutral genetic markers appears as pronounced in popu lations of clonal as non clonal plants. However, neutral markers may not reflect heritable variation of life history traits . Moreover, clonal plants may have been samp led at larger spatia l scales. Empirical information on the contribution of somatic mutations to heritable variation is lacking.(2) C lonal life hi sto ry traits were found to affect fitness. However, much of this evidence stems from artificial rather than natura l environments. (3) The relative importance of gene flow, inbreeding, and genetic drift, compared with selection, in the evo lution of clonal life histories is hardly explored. Benefits of clonal life history traits were frequently studied a nd found. How ever, there is a lso evidence for constraints, trade offs, and costs. In conclusion, though it is very likely, that clonal life history traits are adaptive, it is neither clear to which degree this is the case, nor which clonal life history traits constitute adaptat io ns to which environmenta l fac tors. Moreover, evo lutionary interactions among clonal life history traits and between clonal and non clonal ones, such as the mating sys tem, are not well explored. There remains much interesting work to be done in this field which will be particularly interesting if it is done in the field.

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Section: Constraints On Adaptive Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the evolution of clonal plant life histories

Fischer

Kleunen

2002

Ecology and Evolutionary Biology of Clonal Plants

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“…Because resources are limited, we expect a trade-off between sexual and asexual reproduction (Stearns 1992). It is therefore likely that when preventing, say, sexual reproduction, more resources could be allocated to asexual reproduction (Piquot et al 1998;Prati and Schmid 2000). Indeed, plants are known to switch between different reproductive modes in a phenotypic response to a changing environment, such as density (Douglas 1981) and resource availability (Gardner and Mangel 1999).…”

Section: Es Flowering Strategy: the Effect Of Habitat And Reproductivmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life‐History Variation in Contrasting Habitats: Flowering Decisions in a Clonal Perennial Herb (Veratrum album)

Hesse¹,

Rees²,

Müller‐Schärer³

2008

The American Naturalist

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Quantifying intraspecific demographic variation provides a powerful tool for exploring the diversity and evolution of life histories. We investigate how habitat-specific demographic variation and the production of multiple offspring types affect the population dynamics and evolution of delayed reproduction in a clonal perennial herb with monocarpic ramets (white hellebore). In this species, flowering ramets produce both seeds and asexual offspring. Data on ramet demography are used to parameterize integral projection models, which allow the effects of habitat-specific demographic variation and reproductive mode on population dynamics to be quantified. We then use the evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS) approach to predict the flowering strategy-the relationship between flowering probability and size. This approach is extended to allow offspring types to have different demographies and density-dependent responses. Our results demonstrate that the evolutionarily stable flowering strategies differ substantially among habitats and are in excellent agreement with the observed strategies. Reproductive mode, however, has little effect on the ESSs. Using analytical approximations, we show that flowering decisions are predominantly determined by the asymptotic size of individuals rather than variation in survival or size-fecundity relationships. We conclude that habitat is an important aspect of the selective environment and a significant factor in predicting the ESSs.Keywords: demographic variation, evolutionarily stable strategy (ESS), integral projection models, monocarpic ramets, population dynamics, reproductive mode. Understanding how different patterns of demographic variation drive the establishment and evolution of life histories is one of the main goals of evolutionary ecology (Fox et al. 2001). Most animal and plant species can be found in a wide range of ecologically distinct habitats, and as a result, individuals of the same species may experience substantial variation in demographic rates, such as survival, growth, and fecundity. These demographic heterogeneities between individuals or groups of individuals can have considerable population dynamical consequences and can generate evolutionary change (e. The role of demography as a driving force in life-history evolution is widely recognized, yet relatively few studies have quantified how demographic rates, and consequently life-history traits, vary among individuals and populations of the same species (but see, e.g., Bronikowski et al. 2002;Dorken and Barrett 2003;Frederiksen et al. 2005;Lesica and Young 2005). Instead, much of our knowledge about the diversity and evolution of life histories comes from comparative analyses at the interspecific level. This is surprising, given that intraspecific variation allows the study of ecological constraints on life histories without the confounding effect of phylogeny (Frederiksen et al. 2005). Moreover, across-species comparisons, which are often based on only a limited number of populations per species, m...

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“…Whereas sexual reproduction may allow escape from poor environmental conditions, vegetative reproduction may be beneficial as a means to remain in benign environments (Williams 1975;Abrahamson 1980;Gardner and Mangel 1999). Moreover, sexual reproduction may be selected at the metapopulation level to support colonization of new sites and vegetative reproduction at the population level to support population persistence (Olivieri et al 1995;Piquot et al 1998).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The balance between sexual and vegetative reproduction may have major consequences for evolution in these organisms due to effects on demography (Abrahamson 1980;Eriksson 1986), population genetic structure (McLellan et al 1997;Chung and Epperson 1999;Ceplitis 2001), dispersal (Stö cklin 1999;Winkler and Fischer 2002), and metapopulation processes (Piquot et al 1998;Gabriel and Bü rger 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Experimental Life-History Evolution: Selection on the Allocation to Sexual Reproduction and Its Plasticity in a Clonal Plant

2002

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Abstract. Allocation to sexual reproduction is an important life-history trait in clonal plants. Different selection pressures between competitive and competition-free environments are likely to result in the evolution of specialized genotypes and to maintain genetic variation in reproductive allocation. Moreover, selection may also result in the evolution of plastic allocation strategies. The necessary prerequisite for evolution, heritable genetic variation, can best be studied with selection experiments. Starting from a base population of 102 replicated genotypes of the clonal herb Ranunculus reptans, we imposed selection on the proportion of flowering rosettes in the absence of competition (base population: mean ϭ 0.391, broad-sense heritability ϭ 0.307). We also selected on the plasticity in this trait in response to competition with a naturally coexisting grass in a parallel experiment (base population: 14% lower mean in the presence of competition, broad-sense heritability ϭ 0.072). After two generations of bidirectional selection, the proportion of flowering rosettes was 26% higher in the high line than in the low line (realized heritability Ϯ SE ϭ 0.205 Ϯ 0.017). Moreover, genotypes of the high line had 11% fewer carpels per flower, a 22% lower proportion of rooted rosettes, and a 39% smaller average distance between rosettes within a clone. In the second experiment, we found no significant responses to selection for high and low plasticity in the proportion of flowering rosettes (realized heritability Ϯ SE ϭ Ϫ0.002 Ϯ 0.013). Our study indicates a high heritability and potential for further evolution of the proportion of flowering rosettes in R. reptans, but not for its plasticity, which may have been fixed by past evolution at its current level. Moreover, our results demonstrate strong genetic correlations between allocation to sexual reproduction and other clonal life-history characteristics.

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Variation in Sexual and Asexual Reproduction among Young and Old Populations of the Perennial Macrophyte Sparganium erectum

Cited by 109 publications

References 35 publications

On the evolution of clonal plant life histories

On the evolution of clonal plant life histories

Life‐History Variation in Contrasting Habitats: Flowering Decisions in a Clonal Perennial Herb (Veratrum album)

Experimental Life-History Evolution: Selection on the Allocation to Sexual Reproduction and Its Plasticity in a Clonal Plant

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