Variation in the Associations of Education, Occupation, Income, and Assets with Functional Limitations in Older Mexican Americans

Effect of sociodemographic and physical activity on cognitive function in older adults: A nationwide cross‐sectional survey

“…A prior study indicated that IADL was generally more sensitive than ADL in accessibility to daily life contextual factors such as wheeled walkers, microwave ovens, public transportation, and other instrumental assistance. Some IADL tasks may require some degree of knowledge or some level of cognitive ability to accomplish, and thus, there can be the third mechanisms through which sex significantly predicted IADL total scores . First, in rural areas of China, males are responsible for the vast majority of agricultural labor which precisely increase body fitness and being much helpful in old ages period.…”

The impact of occupational experience on cognitive and physical functional status among older adults in a representative sample of Korean subjects

“…Furthermore, Ebrahim et al [ 13 ] and Ramsay et al [ 31 ] reported a strong association between disability and socioeconomic status as measured by occupational class. Many studies have tried to help clarify which physical functions are more susceptible to the occupational effect when comparing blue-collar and white-collar workers [ 8 , 22 ]).…”

Ethnic differences in physical performance in older Americans: data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1988–1994)

“…For example, Ferrucci et al (7) using data from the East Boston, Iowa, and New Haven sites of the Established Population for the Epidemiological Studies of the Elderly (EPESE), found higher body mass index (BMI), diabetes, hip fracture, and a recent hospital admission for acute infection to be independent predictors of poor performance in lower extremity among non-disabled older persons who were mainly non-Hispanic Whites. Mendes de Leon et al, using data from a longitudinal study of a biracial urban population found that older Blacks reported higher levels of disability and had lower levels on a performancebased measure of physical function when compared with he ta he ta betes betes EPESE showed that older age, female gender, obesity or underweight, low education, having arthritis, pain on weight bearing, diabetes, visual impairment, stroke, and hip fracture were factors associated with decreased performance-based physical function (16)(17)(18)(19)(20). Despite many studies of the influence of socioeconomic status, health, and medical factors on physical functioning in ethnic groups, few if any sources of reported data are nationally representative by race/ethnicity.…”