Variation in the Heritability of Child Body Mass Index by Obesogenic Home Environment

Schrempft, Stephanie; Jaarsveld, Cornelia H M van; Fisher, Abigail; Herle, Moritz; Smith, A. C. H.; Fildes, Alison; Llewellyn, Clare

doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2018.1508

Cited by 78 publications

(89 citation statements)

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“…This is a rapidly expanding and diverse body of knowledge with a number of subfields. One area of research pertains to genetic factors in relation to BMI or obesity per se . For example, in a review of research on twins reared apart, approximately two‐thirds of the variability in BMI was attributed to genetic factors .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, in a review of research on twins reared apart, approximately two‐thirds of the variability in BMI was attributed to genetic factors . However, genetic contributions to obesity could vary with age and have a greater influence during childhood than in adulthood and differ according to the degree to which the home environment is obesogenic . As an example of mechanisms, Belsky et al identified that genetic risk for obesity partly operated through accelerated weight gain in the early years after birth …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One area of research pertains to genetic factors in relation to BMI or obesity per se. [108][109][110][111] For example, in a review of research on twins reared apart, approximately two-thirds of the variability in BMI was attributed to genetic factors. 110 However, genetic contributions to obesity could vary with age and have a greater influence during childhood than in adulthood 112 and differ according to the degree to which the home environment is obesogenic.…”

Section: Genetic Contributions To Behavior Development Eating Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…110 However, genetic contributions to obesity could vary with age and have a greater influence during childhood than in adulthood 112 and differ according to the degree to which the home environment is obesogenic. 111 As an example of mechanisms, Belsky et al identified that genetic risk for obesity partly operated through accelerated weight gain in the early years after birth. 31 The genetic research on children's eating and weight has often been informed by the notion of genetic susceptibility or predispositions.…”

Section: Genetic Contributions To Behavior Development Eating Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

Russell

2019

Obesity Reviews

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Summary Childhood obesity has reached alarming proportions in many countries. There is consensus that both biological (especially genetic) and environmental (including psychosocial) factors contribute to weight gain and obesity in childhood. Research has identified extensive risk or predictive factors for childhood obesity from both of these domains. There is less consensus about the developmental processes or pathways showing how these risk factors lead to overweigh/obesity (OW/OB) in childhood. We outline a biopsychosocial process model of the development of OW/OB in childhood. The model and associated scholarship from developmental theory and research guide an analysis of research on OW/OB in childhood. The model incorporates biological factors such as genetic predispositions or susceptibility genes, temperament, and homeostatic and allostatic processes with the psychosocial and behavioral factors of parenting, parental feeding practices, child appetitive traits, food liking, food intakes, and energy expenditure. There is an emphasis on bidirectional and transactional processes linking child biology and behavior with psychosocial processes and environment. Insights from developmental theory and research include implications for conceptualization, measurement, research design, and possible multiple pathways to OW/OB. Understanding the developmental processes and pathways involved in childhood OW/OB should contribute to more targeted prevention and intervention strategies in childhood.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Contributions To Behavior Development Eating Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Genetic Contributions To Behavior Development Eating Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

Russell

2019

Obesity Reviews

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Thus it is critical to understand how gene-by-environment interactions are contributing to metabolic dysfunction. Such interactions have been shown to underlie variation in obesity and diabetes risk [3–8], and many individual genes have been identified with natural variants in human populations affecting metabolic response to environmental perturbations [9–14]. Research in animal models, in particular mouse models, has been used to manipulate dietary intake and environment in order to better understand the gene-by-environment interactions most relevant to human metabolism [15–19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic background and diet affect brown adipose gene co-expression – metabolic associations

Carson

Lawson

2019

Preprint

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28 Adipose is a dynamic endocrine organ that is critical for regulating metabolism and is highly 29 responsive to nutritional environment. Brown adipose tissue is an exciting potential therapeutic 30 target, however there are no systematic studies of gene-by-environment interactions affecting 31 function of this organ. We leveraged a weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify 32 transcriptional networks in brown adipose tissue from LG/J and SM/J inbred mice fed high or low 33 fat diets, and correlate these networks with metabolic phenotypes. We identified 8 primary gene 34 network modules associated with variation in obesity and diabetes-related traits. Four modules 35 were enriched for metabolically relevant processes such as immune and cytokine response, cell 36 division, peroxisome functions, and organic molecule metabolic processes. The relative 37 expression of genes in these modules is highly dependent on both genetic background and 38 dietary environment. Genes in the immune/cytokine response and cell division modules are 39 particularly highly expressed in high fat-fed SM/J mice, which show unique brown adipose-40 dependent remission of diabetes. The interconnectivity of genes in these modules is also heavily 41 dependent on diet and strain, with most genes showing both higher expression and co-expression 42 under the same context. We highlight 4 candidate genes, Col28a1, Cyp26b1, Bmp8b, and Kcnj14, 43 that have distinct expression patterns among strain-by-diet contexts and fall under metabolic QTL 44 previously mapped in an F 16 generation of an advanced intercross between these two strains.45 Each of these genes have some connection to obesity and diabetes-related traits, but have not 46 been studied in brown adipose tissue. In summary, our results provide important insights into the 47 relationship between brown adipose and systemic metabolism by being the first gene-by-48 environment study of brown adipose transcriptional networks and introducing novel candidate 49 genes for follow-up studies of biological mechanisms of action.50 51 52 3 53 Author Summary 54 Research on brown adipose tissue is a promising new avenue for understanding and potentially55 treating metabolic dysfunction. However, we do not know how genetic background interacts with 56 dietary environment to affect the brown adipose transcriptional response, and how this might 57 affect systemic metabolism. Here we report the first investigation of gene-by-environment 58 interactions on brown adipose gene expression networks associating with multiple obesity and 59 diabetes-related traits. We identified 8 primary networks correlated with variation in these traits in 60 mice, including networks enriched for immune and cytokine response, cell division, organic 61 molecule metabolism, and peroxisome genes. Characterizing these networks and their distinct 62 diet-by-strain expression and co-expression patterns is an important step towards understanding 63 how brown adipose tissue responds to an obesogenic diet, how this response a...

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Healthy Homes and Obesogenic Genes in Young Children

Faith

Epstein

2018

JAMA Pediatr

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Variation in the Heritability of Child Body Mass Index by Obesogenic Home Environment

Abstract: This cohort study investigates the association between obesogenic home environment and heritability of body mass index among children.

Cited by 78 publications

References 65 publications

A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

A biopsychosocial approach to processes and pathways in the development of overweight and obesity in childhood: Insights from developmental theory and research

Genetic background and diet affect brown adipose gene co-expression – metabolic associations

Healthy Homes and Obesogenic Genes in Young Children

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