Variation of carbohydrate intake in diabetic children on carbohydrate counting

Robart, Elise; Giovannini‐Chami, Lisa; Savoldelli, Charles; Baechler-Sadoul, Elysabeth; Gastaud, Frédérique; Tran, Antoine; Chevalier, Nicolas; Hoflack, Marie

doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2019.03.010

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“… 10 The method can provide flexibility around meals, and the management of the disease can be more easily adapted to the desired lifestyle. 10 , 11 Some studies have also shown that carbohydrate counting can have a positive effect on HbA1c and provide better blood glucose regulation, but the results vary between studies and more research is needed. 10 , 12–14 However, inaccurate carbohydrate counting is common and associated with higher daily blood glucose variability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent’s Experiences with Diabetes Self-Management and the Use of Carbohydrate Counting in Their Everyday Life with Type 1 Diabetes

Ullah¹,

Graue²,

Haugstvedt³

2022

PPA

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Aim The aim of this study was to describe adolescents’ experiences with diabetes self-management and the use of carbohydrate counting as a tool for calculating insulin doses in everyday life with type 1 diabetes. Methods We used a qualitative study design. Individual interviews were conducted with 14 adolescents (seven boys and seven girls, aged 16–18 years) with type 1 diabetes by using a semi-structured interview guide. We used purposive sampling, recruiting the participants from one paediatric outpatient clinic in Norway. Thematic analysis was used for the data analysis. Findings We identified two main themes, each comprising three subthemes: (1) “Diabetes treatment is difficult but can be well adapted” with subthemes “Diabetes influences my entire life, with a lot of fuss and takes time”, “Having diabetes turned out to be manageable”, and “Need some help and support, but not too much”; (2) “Carbohydrate counting is useful but often not used” with subthemes “One counts the carbs, then the pump calculates the insulin doses”, “Carbohydrate counting gives better blood glucose, but I do not always bother to use it”, and “After a while, one just uses one’s own experience.”. Conclusion The study showed that adolescents with type 1 diabetes experienced that the diabetes treatment influenced their entire life in a substantial manner. Nevertheless, the demands of the disease and the treatment tasks were perceived very differently. Some articulated that carbohydrate counting was appreciated as a suitable tool for dosing insulin and optimizing glycaemic control. Others did not use carbohydrate counting at all and described to use their own experience. The findings support the importance of individualizing diabetes follow-up and adapt the training in treatment tools to everyone’s situation and preferences.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adolescent’s Experiences with Diabetes Self-Management and the Use of Carbohydrate Counting in Their Everyday Life with Type 1 Diabetes

Ullah¹,

Graue²,

Haugstvedt³

2022

PPA

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“…This group also reported that carbohydrate counting has a positive effect on improving QoL. A study from Robart et al [ 27 ] also shows a better QoL for children with T1DM using carbohydrate counting compared to those who do not do carbohydrate counting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Carbohydrate counting implementation on pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis

Wiyono,

Ghitha,

Clarisa

et al. 2023

Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab

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Purpose: Type 1 diabetes mellitus, which is the most common type of diabetes among children, is not curable but can be managed well without a negative effect on quality of life. One of the treatments of type 1 diabetes mellitus is carbohydrate counting. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to evaluate the efficacy of carbohydrate counting with regard to hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) reduction in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus.Methods: Nine studies were assessed, with the primary outcome being glycemic control (HbA1c changes). We searched the following electronic databases: ProQuest, PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect. The quality of studies included was assessed using the risk of bias for randomized control trials and the JBI Critical Appraisal Checklist for observational and cross-sectional studies. Quantitative analyses were made and extrapolated into a forest plot.Results: A total of 1,693 articles were identified. Four reviewers independently screened titles and abstracts. Of the 36 articles screened, 34 articles were found to be eligible. Of these, 25 studies were excluded because of unsuitable outcomes and study designs. Nine articles were included in the final analysis. Meta-analysis showed that there was a reduction in HbA1c in the carbohydrate counting group as compared to the control group. The cumulative effect of carbohydrate counting on HbA1c was a mean difference of -0.55 (95% confidence interval, -0.81 to -0.28, P<0.001). All of the studies exhibited similar results with the mean difference reduction favoring the interventional group. However, the heterogeneity analysis revealed an I2 value of 88%, implying high heterogeneity in the meta-analysis.Conclusion: The meta-analysis showed evidence favoring the use of carbohydrate counting in the management of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

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Carbohydrate counting as a strategy to optimize glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus

Centenaro¹,

Nascimento

Beretta³

et al. 2023

Archives of Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Objective:The objective of this study was to verify the impact of carbohydrate counting (CC) on glycemic control and body weight variation (primary and secondary outcomes, respectively) between consultations in patients with diabetes mellitus (T1D) followed at a tertiary hospital in southern Brazil in a public health system environment. We also sought to investigate CC adherence. Materials and methods: This retrospective cohort study included 232 patients with T1D who underwent nutritional monitoring at a referral hospital for diabetes care between 2014 and 2018. To assess primary and secondary outcomes, data from 229 patients, 49 of whom underwent CC during this period and 180 individuals who used fixed doses of insulin, were analyzed. The impact of CC on glycemic control was assessed with the mean glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) level at all consultations during the followup period. Results: In the model adjusted for the most confounders (except pregnancy), the mean HbA1c was better in the CC group (8.66 ± 0.4% vs. 9.36 ± 0.39%; p = 0.016), and body weight variation was lower (0.13 ± 0.28 kg vs. 0.53 ± 0.24 kg; p = 0.024). Adherence to CC was reported in 69.2% of consultations. Conclusion: CC optimized the glycemic control of individuals with T1D, resulting in less weight variation than in the fixed insulin dose group, which indicates that CC is an important care strategy for these patients.

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Variation of carbohydrate intake in diabetic children on carbohydrate counting

Cited by 4 publications

References 27 publications

Adolescent’s Experiences with Diabetes Self-Management and the Use of Carbohydrate Counting in Their Everyday Life with Type 1 Diabetes

Adolescent’s Experiences with Diabetes Self-Management and the Use of Carbohydrate Counting in Their Everyday Life with Type 1 Diabetes

Carbohydrate counting implementation on pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta-analysis

Carbohydrate counting as a strategy to optimize glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus

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