Variation of ionospheric total electron content in Indian low latitude region of the equatorial anomaly during May 2007–April 2008

Impacts of solar activity on performance of the IRI-2012 model predictions from low to mid latitudes

“…It is also challenging to model the low-latitude ionosphere with relevant accuracy (Sridharan et al 1994;Kumar and Singh 2009;Aggarwal 2011). TEC is an important ionospheric parameter which is defined as the total number of electrons present within a cross-section 1 m 2 along the integrated path from the satellite to the receiver.…”

GPS-TEC Variation during Low to High Solar Activity Period (2010-2014) under the Northern Crest of Indian Equatorial Ionization Anomaly Region

“…Rama Rao et al [6] [39] and Venkatesh et al [26] reported that the EEJ shows a clear seasonal behavior with stronger electrojet strength during equinoctial months over Indian equatorial and low latitude sectors. Kumar et al [81] found the EIA crest in TEC is maximum in equinox months constitute due to EEJ strength. The research of Rama Rao et al [39] reported that the positions of the EIA crest and its [26] found (r = 0.53) over the Brazilian region; Rama Rao et al [39] found (r = 0.62), Bagiya et al [44] found (r = 0.71) and Venkatesh et al [26] found (r = 0.51) in the Indian region stations.…”

Whistlers detected and analyzed by Automatic Whistler Detector (AWD) at low latitude Indian stations

“…edge of the equatorial ionization anomaly) in the ionosphere or presence of some irregularities like spread F or plasma bubbles at the time of whistler observations. Kumar and Singh (2009) using GPS based measurements showed that Varanasi is situated at the edge to equatorial ionization anomaly region. We have also checked our GPS scintillation data for any possibility of observation of some ionospheric irregularities or plasma bubbles and found that some weak ionospheric irregularities were present at the time The ionospheric and other parameters derived from whistler measurements compare well with direct rocket and satellite measurements (Park et al, 1978;Singh et al, 1998;Chauhan and Singh, 2010;Kumar et al, 2012).…”